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1 stores support ship
Военный термин: многоцелевой транспорт снабжения -
2 stores support ship
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3 ship
корабль; судно; летательный аппарат, ЛА; дирижабль; самолет, вертолет; команда корабля; грузить(ся), принимать на борт; транспортировать; перевозить; отправлять; см. тж. craftassault helicopter ship, dock — десантновертолетный корабль-док
assault ship, dock — десантный корабльдок
C2 ship — корабль управления; штабной корабль
landing ship, dock — десантный корабльдок
landing ship, emergency repair — десантная плавучая мастерская аварийного ремонта
landing ship, large — большой десантный корабль
landing ship, medium — средний десантный корабль
landing ship, small — малый десантный корабль
landing transport ship, dock — десантный транспорт-док
large assault ship, docking/personnel — большой войсковой десантный транспорт-док
maritime prepositioned (equipment) ship — судно-склад [транспорт] подвижного тылового обеспечения
maritime prepositioning (equipment) ship — судно-склад [транспорт] подвижного тылового обеспечения
medium assault ship, beaching — средний десантный корабль, способный подходить вплотную к берегу
— AA ship— ABM ship— amphibious warfare ship— armed surface ship— ASW ship— BM ship— GM ship— gunnery drill ship— HQ ship— missile carrier ship— troop lift ship— vehicle cargo ship -
4 surface-effect ship
амер. надводный транспорт на воздушной подушке -
5 многоцелевой транспорт снабжения
Military: stores support shipУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > многоцелевой транспорт снабжения
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6 эскадренный транспорт снабжения
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > эскадренный транспорт снабжения
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7 ASIS
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. American Society for Information Science2) Биология: Association for the Study of Internal Secretions3) Военный термин: Army Space Initiative Study, Army Space Initiatives Study, abort sensing and implementation system, air store issuing ship, ammunition stores issuing ship, amphibious support information system, All Source Intelligence Section (new term for TSE)5) Автомобильный термин: Adaptive Shift Strategy6) Сокращение: American Society for Industrial Security, Ammunition Surveillance Information System, Australian Secret Intelligence Service, American Society of Information Science7) Физиология: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine8) Вычислительная техника: Американское общество по информатике, American Society for Information Science (organization)9) Экология: Air Sea Interaction Sub-Committee10) Сетевые технологии: American Society for Information Science11) Автоматика: application-specific integrated systems12) Макаров: Air Sea Interaction Subcommittee13) НАСДАК: A S I Solutions, Inc. -
8 ASIS
ASIS, abort sensing and implementation system————————ASIS, air store issuing ship————————ASIS, ammunition stores issuing shipсудно снабжения боеприпасами; плавучий склад боеприпасов————————ASIS, amphibious support information systemEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > ASIS
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9 director
начальник (управления, службы, отдела) ; руководитель; директор; ( центральный) прибор управления огнем; прибор управления артиллерийским зенитным огнем, ПУАЗО; целеуказатель; оператор наведения; пункт [самолет, корабль] наведения; ретранслятор; буссольAssistant director, Review and Analysis — помощник начальника управления по проверке и анализу (контрактов) (МО)
Deputy CIA director, Essential Elements of Information — заместитель директора ЦРУ по постановке основных задач сбора разведывательной информации
Deputy director of Defense Research and Engineering for Administration, Evaluation and Management — заместитель начальника управления НИОКР МО по административным вопросам, вопросам оценки и управления
Deputy director, Contract Administration Services — заместитель начальника службы по контролю за исполнением контрактов (МО)
Deputy director, Strategic and Naval Warfare Systems — заместитель начальника управления по стратегическим и морским системам оружия (МО)
Deputy director, Tactical Air and Land Warfare Systems — заместитель начальника управления по тактическим авиационным и наземным системам оружия (МО)
Deputy director, Test Facilities and Resources — заместитель начальника управления по испытательному оборудованию и ресурсам (МО)
director EW and C3 Countermeasures — начальник управления РЭБ и мер противодействия системам руководства, управления и связи (МО)
director for C3 Policy — начальник управления разработки программ руководства, управления и связи (МО)
director for Operations, Joint Staff — начальник оперативного управления объединенного штаба (КНШ)
director for Plans and Policy, Joint Staff — начальник управления планирования и строительства ВС объединенного штаба;
director of Administrative Services, Joint Staff — начальник административного управления объединенного штаба
director of Civilian Marksmanship, National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice — начальник управления стрелковой подготовки гражданского персонала Национального комитета содействия развитию стрелкового спорта (СВ)
director of Manning (Army) — Бр. начальник управления комплектования (СВ)
director of Research, Development, Test and Evaluation — начальник управления НИОКР, испытаний и оценок
director, Acquisition and Support Planning — начальник управления закупок (военной техники) и планирования МТО (МО)
director, Administrative Support Group — начальник группы административного обеспечения (СВ)
director, Admiralty Marine Technology Establishment — Бр. начальник управления разработки боевой техники МП
director, Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment — Бр. начальник управления разработки систем надводного оружия ВМС
director, African Region — начальник управления стран Африки (МО)
director, Air National Guard — директор штаба НГ ВВС
director, Air Vehicles Technology — начальник управления разработки авиационных транспортных систем (МО)
director, Air Warfare — начальник управления авиационных систем оружия (МО)
director, Army Air Corps — Бр. начальник управления армейской авиации СВ
director, Army Aviation — начальник управления армейской авиации
director, Army Council of Review Boards — председатель совета СВ по контролю за деятельностью апелляционных комиссий
director, Army Medical Services — Бр. начальник медицинской службы СВ
director, Army National Guard — директор штаба НГ СВ
director, Army Programs — начальник управления разработки программ СВ
director, C3 Resources — начальник управления разработки систем руководства, управления и связи (МО)
director, Chemical Defence Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ средств химической защиты
director, Civil Affairs — начальник управления по связям с гражданской администрацией и населением
director, Civilian Employees Security Program — начальник службы контрразведывательной проверки гражданского персонала (СВ)
director, Combat Support — начальник управления боевого обеспечения (МО)
director, Communications Systems — начальник управления систем связи (МО)
director, Contracts and Systems Acquisition — начальник управления заключения контрактов и закупок систем оружия и военной техники (МО)
director, Coordination and Analysis — начальник управления координации и анализа
director, Counterintelligence and Investigative Programs — начальник управления программ контрразведки и специальных расследований (МО)
director, Cruise Missile Systems — начальник управления систем КР (МО)
director, Defence Operational Analysis Establishment — Бр. начальник военнонаучного управления МО
director, Defense Research and Engineering — начальник управления НИОКР МО
director, Defense Sciences — начальник научно-исследовательского управления МО
director, Defense Supply Service-Washington — начальник службы снабжения зоны Вашингтона в МО
director, Defense Telephone Service-Washington — начальник телефонной службы зоны Вашингтона в МО
director, Defense Test and Evaluation — начальник управления МО по испытанию и оценке (оружия и военной техники)
director, DIA — начальник разведывательного управления МО
director, Directed Energy Programs — начальник управления программ использования направленной энергии (МО)
director, Doctrine, Organization and Training — начальник управления разработки доктрин, вопросов организации и боевой подготовки
director, DOD SALT Task Force — председатель рабочей группы МО по вопросам переговоров в рамках ОС В
director, East Asia and Pacific Region — начальник управления стран Восточной Азии и Тихого океана (МО)
director, Electronics and Physical Sciences — начальник управления по электронике и естественным наукам (МО)
director, Engineering Technology — начальник управления проектно-конструкторских работ (МО)
director, Environmental and Life Sciences — начальник управления экологических и биологических наук (МО)
director, Equipment Applications — начальник управления по изучению применения техники (в войсках)
director, Facilities Engineering — начальник инженерно-строительного управления
director, Far East/Middle East/Southern Hemisphere Affairs — начальник управления стран Дальнего Востока, Среднего Востока и Южного полушария (МО)
director, Federal Bureau of Investigation — директор ФБР
director, Field Maintenance — начальник службы полевого технического обслуживания и ремонта
director, Foreign Military Rights Affairs — начальник управления по делам прав иностранных государств в военной области (МО)
director, General Purpose Forces Policy — начальник управления разработки вопросов строительства сил общего назначения
director, Health Resources — начальник управления ресурсов здравоохранения
director, Information Processing Technique — начальник управления систем обработки информации (МО)
director, Information Security — начальник управления обеспечения секретности информации (МО)
director, Information Systems — начальник управления АИС
director, Installations — начальник управления строительства
director, Intelligence Resources — начальник управления изучения ресурсов разведки (МО)
director, Inter-American Region — начальник управления по межамериканским делам
director, International Economic Affairs — начальник управления по международным экономическим делам (МО)
director, International Military Staff — начальник международного объединенного штаба (НАТО)
director, Joint Staff — начальник секретариата объединенного штаба (КНШ)
director, Joint Tactical Communications (TRI-TAC) Program — начальник отдела работ по программе использования единой тактической системы связи (ТРИ-ТАК)
director, Judge Advocate Division — начальник отдела военно-юридической службы (МП)
director, Land Warfare — начальник управления наземных систем оружия (МО)
director, Legislative Liaison — начальник отдела по связям с законодательными органами (ВВС)
director, Legislative Reference Service — начальник справочной юридической службы (МО)
director, Major Weapon Systems Acquisition — начальник управления закупок основных систем оружия (МО)
director, Marine Corps Reserve — начальник отдела по вопросам резерва МП
director, Materiel Acquisition Policy — начальник управления разработки планов закупок оружия и военной техники (МО)
director, Materiel Requirements — начальник отдела определения потребностей в оружии и военной технике
director, Medical Plans and Resources — начальник управления ресурсов и планов медицинского обеспечения (ВВС)
director, Military Assistance Office — Бр. начальник управления по оказанию военной помощи иностранным государствам (СВ)
director, Military Survey — Бр. начальник топографического управления (СВ)
director, Military Technology — начальник управления военной технологии (МО)
director, Military Vehicles and Engineering Establishment — Бр. начальник управления БМ и инженерной техники
director, National Intelligence Systems — начальник управления национальных систем разведки (МО)
director, NATO/European Affairs — начальник управления по делам НАТО и стран Европы (МО)
director, Naval Laboratories — начальник управления научно-исследовательских лабораторий ВМС
director, Near Eastern and South Asian Region — начальник управления стран Ближнего Востока и Южной Азии (МО)
director, Negotiations Policy — начальник управления разработки планов ведения переговоров (МО)
director, Net Assessment — начальник управления всесторонней оценки программ (МО)
director, NSA — директор АНБ
director, Offensive and Space Systems — начальник управления космических средств и систем наступательного оружия (МО)
director, Office of Congressional Travel/Security Clearances — начальник отдела организации поездок членов Конгресса и оформления допуска к секретным материалам (МО)
director, Office of Dependents Schools — начальник отдела по вопросам воспитания и образования детей военнослужащих (МО)
director, Office of Research and Administration — начальник управления НИР и административного обеспечения (МО)
director, Operations — начальник оперативного управления [отдела]
director, Personnel and Employment Service-Washington — начальник отдела кадров для гражданских служащих зоны Вашингтона (СВ)
director, Personnel Council — председатель совета по делам ЛС (ВВС)
director, Personnel Plans — начальник управления планирования подготовки ЛС (ВВС)
director, Personnel Programs — начальник управления разработки программ использования ЛС (ВВС)
director, Planning and Health Policy Analysis — начальник управления планирования и развития здравоохранения (МО)
director, Planning and Requirements Review — начальник управления планирования и анализа потребностей (МО)
director, Planning — начальник управления планирования (МО)
director, Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ
director, Policy Research — начальник управления политических исследований (МО)
director, Program Control and Administration — начальник управления по административным вопросам и контролю за выполнением программ
director, Program Management — начальник управления по руководству разработкой программ (МО)
director, R&D and Procurement — начальник отдела НИОКР и заготовок
director, Religious Education — руководитель отделения [секции] религиозного образования (СВ)
director, Resource Management Office — начальник отдела управления ресурсами (СВ)
director, Royal Aircraft Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ авиационной техники
director, Royal Armament R&D Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ вооружений
director, Royal Armored Corps — Бр. начальник бронетанковых войск
director, Royal Artillery — Бр. начальник артиллерийского управления
director, Royal Signals and Radar Establishments — Бр. директор НИЦ средств связи и РЛ техники
director, SALT/Arms Control Support Group — начальник группы обеспечения переговоров в рамках ОСВ по контролю над вооружениями
director, Security Assistance Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ военной помощи иностранным государствам
director, Security Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ обеспечения безопасности (МО)
director, Space Activities Office — начальник управления космических программ (МО)
director, Space and Building Management Service-Washington — начальник службы эксплуатации объектов зоны Вашингтона (СВ)
director, Space Systems — начальник управления космических систем (ВВС)
director, Special Projects — начальник управления специальных проектов (МО)
director, Special Studies — начальник управления специальных НИР
director, Special Weapons — начальник управления специальных видов оружия
director, Strategic and Theater C2 Systems — начальник управления разработки систем руководства и управления ВС в стратегическом масштабе и на ТВД
director, Strategic Forces Policy — начальник управления разработки вопросов развития стратегических сил
director, Strategic Planning — начальник отдела стратегического планирования
director, Strategic Plans — начальник отдела стратегического планирования
director, Strategic Policy — начальник управления разработки стратегических проблем (МО)
director, Strategic Technology — начальник управления разработки стратегических систем оружия (МО)
director, Studies and Analyses Staff — начальник отдела исследований и анализа (СВ)
director, Surveillance and Warning — начальник управления систем наблюдения и оповещения (МО)
director, Tactical Intelligence Systems — начальник управления тактических систем разведки (МО)
director, Tactical Technology — начальник управления разработки тактических систем оружия (МО)
director, Technology and Arms Transfer Policy — начальник управления разработки основ передачи военной технологии и вооружений
director, Technology Trade — начальник управления по торговым операциям в области технологии
director, Territorial Army and Cadets — Бр. начальник управления территориальной армии и кадетских организаций
director, Theater Nuclear Force Policy — начальник управления разработки программ развития ядерных сил на ТВД
director, Underwater Weapons Projects — Бр. начальник отдела разработки проектов подводного оружия
director, USAF Judiciary — начальник отдела судопроизводства ВВС США
director, Washington Headquarters Services — начальник административноштабной службы зоны Вашингтона
director, Weapons (Production) — Бр. начальник управления по производству систем оружия
director, Women's RAF — Бр. начальник женской вспомогательной службы ВВС
director, Women's Royal Naval Service — Бр. начальник женской вспомогательной службы ВМС
Executive director, Industrial Security — начальник управления обеспечения сохранения военной тайны на промышленных предприятиях (МО)
Executive director, Quality Assurance — начальник управления обеспечения качества (продукции МО)
Executive director, Technical and Logistics Services — начальник управления служб МТО (МО)
Managing director, Royal Ordnance Factories — Бр. начальник управления военных заводов
Principal director Office of the Deputy Under-Secretary, Policy Planning — начальник управления [первый помощник заместителя МО] по планированию военно-политических программ
Staff director, Installation Services and Environmental Protection — начальник управления обслуживания объектов и защиты окружающей среды (МО)
Staff director, Management Review — начальник управления анализа организационных проблем (МО)
Staff director, Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization — начальник управления по связям с мелкими и льготными предприятиями (МО)
Vice director, Management and Operations Defense Intelligence Agency — первый заместитель начальника разведывательного управления МО по вопросам руководства операциями
— fire control director -
10 AF
of* * *prep. w. dat.I. Of place:1) off, from;G. hljóp af hesti sínum, G. jumped off his horse;ganga af mótinu, to go away from the meeting;Flosi kastaði af sér skikkjunni, threw off his cloak;Gizzur gekk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from the south-west;hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he had taken off his shoes;Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off;tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms;bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus;land af landi, from one land to the other;hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession;vil ek þú vinnir af þér skuldina, work off the debt;muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand;rísa af dauða, to rise from the dead;vakna af draumi, to awaken from a dream;lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse;vindr stóð af landi, the wind blew from the land;2) out of;verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world;gruflar hón af læknum, she scrambles out of the brook;Otradalr var mjök af vegi, far out of the way.Connected with út; föstudaginn fór út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town.II. Of time; past, beyond:af ómagaaldri, able to support oneself, of age;ek em nú af léttasta skeiði, no longer in the prime of life;þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, when seven weeks of summer are past;var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past.III. In various other relations:1) þiggja lið af e-m, to receive help from one;hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy;vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of one;féll þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s men fell there;þá eru þeir útlagir ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their goðorð;þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim;ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to give up;2) off, of;höggva fót, hönd, af e-m, to cut off one’s foot, hand;vil ek, at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, whatever you like of the stores;þar lá forkr einn ok brotit af endanum, with the point broken off;absol., beit hann höndina af, bit the hand off;fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off;3) of, among;hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum, the most promising of the young men;4) with;hláða, (ferma) skip af e-u, to load (freight) a ship with;fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring;5) of (= ór which is more frequent);húsit var gert af timbr stokkum, was built of trunks of trees;6) fig., eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him;hvat hefir þú gert af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar?;7) denoting parentage, descent, origin;ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, are descended from them;kominn af Trójumönnum, descended from the Trojans;8) by, of (after passive);ek em sendr hingat af Starkaði, sent hither by;ástsæll af landsmónnum, beloved of;9) on account of, by reason of, by;úbygðr at frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold;ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds;af ástæld hans, by his popularity;af því, therefore;af hví, wherefor why;af því at, because;10) by means of, by;framfœra e-n af verkum sínum, by means of his own labour;af sínu fé, by one’s own means;absol., hann fekk af hina mestu sœmd, derived great honour from it;11) with adjectives, in regard to;mildr af fé, liberal of money;góðr af griðum, merciful;fastr af drykk, close (stingy) in regard to drink;12) used absol. with a verb, off away;hann bað hann þá róa af fjörðinn, to row the firth off;ok er þeir höfðu af fjörðung, when they had covered one forth of the way;sofa af nóttina, to sleep the night away.* * *prep. often used elliptically by dropping the case, or even merely adverbially, [Ulf. af; A. S. and Engl. of, off; Hel. ab; Germ. ab; Gr. άπό; Lat. a, ab.] With dat. denoting a motion a loco; one of the three prepp. af, ór, frá, corresponding to those in loco—á, í, við, and ad locum—á, í, at. It in general corresponds to the prepp. in loco—á, or in locum— til, whilst ór answers more to í; but it also frequently corresponds to yfir, um or í. It ranges between ór and frá, generally denoting the idea from the surface of, while ór means from the inner part, and frá from the outer part or border. The motion from a hill, plain, open place is thus denoted by af; by ór that from an enclosed space, depth, cavity, thus af fjalli, but ór of a valley, dale; af Englandi, but ór Danmörk, as mörk implies the notion of a deep wood, forest. The wind blows af landi, but a ship sets sail frá landi; frá landi also means a distance from: af hendi, of a glove, ring; ór hendi, of whatever has been kept in the hand (correl. to á hendi and í hendi). On the other hand af is more general, whilst frá and ór are of a more special character; frá denoting a departure, ór an impulse or force; a member goes home af þingi, whereas ór may denote an inmate of a district, or convey the notion of secession or exclusion from, Eb. 105 new Ed.; the traveller goes af landi, the exile ór landi: taka e-t af e-m is to take a thing out of one’s hand, that of taka frá e-m to remove out of one’s sight, etc. In general af answers to Engl. of, off, ór to out of, and frá to from: the Lat. prepp. ab, de, and ex do not exactly correspond to the Icelandic, yet as a rule ór may answer to ex, af sometimes to ab, sometimes to de. Of, off, from among; with, by; on account of by means of, because of concerning, in respect of.A. Loc.I. With motion, off, from:1. prop. corresp. to á,α. konungr dró gullhring af hendi sér (but á hendi), Ld. 32; Höskuldr lætr bera farm af skipi, unload the ship (but bera farm á skip), id.; var tekit af hestum þeirra, they were unsaddled, Nj. 4; Gunnarr hafði farit heiman af bæ sínum, he was away from home, 82; Gunnarr hljóp af hesti sínum, jumped off his horse (but hl. á hest), 83; hlaupa, stökkva af baki, id., 112, 264 ; Gunnarr skýtr til hans af boganum, from the bow, where af has a slight notion of instrumentality, 96; flýja af fundinum, to fly from off the battle-field, 102; ríða af Þríhyrningshálsum, 206; út af Langaholti, Eg. 744 ; sunnan ór Danmörk ok af Saxlandi, 560; ganga af mótinu, to go from the meeting, Fms. vii. 130; af þeirra fundi reis María upp ok fór, 625. 85 ; Flosi kastaði af ser skikkjunni, threw his cloak off him (but kasta á sik),Nj. 176; taka Hrungnis fót af honum, of a load, burden, Edda 58; land þat er hann fiskði af, from which he set off to fish, Grág. i. 151, is irregular, frá would suit better; slíta af baki e-s, from off one’s back, ii. 9 ; bera af borði, to clear the table, Nj. 75.β. where it more nearly answers to í; þeir koma af hafi, of sailors coming in (but leggja í haf), Nj. 128 ; fara til Noregs af Orkneyjum (but í or til O.), 131; þeim Agli fórst vel ok komu af hafi i Borgarfjörð, Eg. 392 ; hann var útlagi ( outlawed) af Noregi, where ór would be more regular, 344; af Islandi, of a traveller, Fms. x. 3; búa her af báðum ríkjunum, to take a levy from, 51; hinir beztu bændr ór Norðlendingafjórðungi ok af Sunnlendingafjórðungi, the most eminent Southerners and Northerners, 113; Gizzurr gékk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from south-west, Sturl. ii. 219; prestar af hvárutveggja biskupsdæmi, from either diocess, Dipl. ii. 11; verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world, 623. 21; gruflar hon af læknum, scrambles out of the brook, Ísl. ii. 340; Egill kneyfði af horninu í einum drykk, drained off the horn at one draught, literally squeezed every drop out of it, Eg. 557; brottuaf herbúðunurn, Fms. x. 343.γ. of things more or less surrounding the subject, corresp. to yfir or um; láta þeir þegar af sér tjöldin, break off, take down the tents in preparing for battle, Eg. 261; kyrtillinn rifnaði af honum, his coat burst, caused by the swollen body, 602; hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he untied his shoes (but binda á sik), 716; Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off, of one clinging to one’s body, 747; tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms, Fms. vii. 39. Of putting off clothes; fara af kápu, Nj. 143; far þú eigi af brynjunni, Bs. i. 541; þá ætlaði Sigurðr at fara af brynjunni, id.; þá var Skarphéðinn flettr af klæðunum, Nj. 209: now more usually fara or klæðum, fötum, exuere, to undress.δ. connected with út; föstudaginn for út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town, Nj. 274; ganga út af kirkjunni, to go out of the church, now út úr, Fms. vii. 107: drekki hann af þeirri jörðunni, of something impregnated with the earth, Laekn. 402.ε. more closely corresponding to frá, being in such cases a Latinism (now frá); bréf af páfa, a pope’s bull, Fms. x. 6; rit af hánum, letter from him, 623. 52; bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus, Bs. i. 712; farið þér á brautu af mér í eilífan eld, Hom. 143; brott af drottins augliti, Stj. 43.ζ. denoting an uninterrupted continuity, in such phrases as land aflandi, from land to land, Eg. 343, Fas. ii. 539; skip af skipl. from ship to ship, Fms. v. 10; brann hvat af öðru, one after another, of an increasing fire, destroying everything, i. 128; brandr af brandi brenn, funi kveykist af funa, one from another, Hm. 56; hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession, also hverr at öðrum, Eb. 272, 280 (where at in both passages).2. metaph., at ganga af e-m dauðum, to go from, leave one dead on the spot, of two combatants; en hann segiz bani hins ef hann gekk af dauðum manni, Grág. ii. 88, Hkr. 1. 327; undr þykir mér er bróðir þinn vildi eigi taka af þér starf þetta, would not take this toil from thee, Nj. 77; þegnar hans glöddust af honum, were fain of him, Fms. x. 380; at koma þeim manni af sér er settr var á fé hans, to get rid of, Ld. 52; vil ek þú vinriir af þér skuldina, work off the debt, Njarð. 366; reka af sér, to repel, Sturl. ii. 219; hann á þá sonu er aldri munu af oss ganga, who will never leave us, whom we shall never get rid of, Fas. i. 280; leysa e-n af e-u, to relieve, 64; taka e-n af lífi, to kill, Eg. 48, 416, Nj. 126; af lífdögum, Fms. vii. 204; ek mun ná lögum af því máli, get the benefit of the law in this case, Eg. 468; muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand, 414; rísa af dauða, to rise from death, Fms. ii. 142; guð bætti honum þó af þessi sótt, healed him of this sickness, ix. 390; vakna af sýn, draumi, svefni, to awaken from a vision, dream, sleep, 655 xxxii. I, Gísl. 24, Eb. 192, Fas. i. 41. Rather with the notion out of, in the phrase af sér etc., e. g. sýna e-t af scr, to shew, exhibit a disposition for or against, Ld. 18; gera mikit af sér, to shew great prowess, Ísl. ii. 368; éf þú gerir eigi meira af þér um aðra leika, unless you make more of thyself, Edda 32; Svipdagr hafði mikit af sér gert, fought bravely, Fas. i. 41; góðr (illr) af sér, good ( bad) of oneself, by nature; mikill af sjálfum sér, proud, bold, stout, Nj. 15; ágætastr maðr af sjálfum sér, the greatest hero, Bret.: góðr af ser, excellent, Hrafn. 7; but, on the contrary, af sér kominn, ruinous, in decay; this phrase is used of old houses or buildings, as in Bs. i. 488 = Sturl. l. c.; af sér kominn af mæði can also be said of a man fallen off from what he used to be; kominn af fotum fram, off his legs from age, Sturl. i. 223, Korm. 154 (in a verse).II. WITHOUT MOTION:1. denoting direction from, but at the same time continuous connection with an object from which an act or thing proceeds, from; tengja skip hvárt fram af stafni annars, to tie the ships in a line, stem to stern, Fms. i. 157, xi. 111; svá at þeir tóku út af borðum, jutted out of the boards, of rafters or poles, iv. 49; stjarna ok af sem skaft, of a comet, ix. 482; lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse, Grág. ii. 264; hon svarar af sínu sæti sem álpt af baru, Fás. i. 186; þar er sjá mátti utau af firði, af þjóðleið, that might be seen from the fareway on the sea when sailing in the firth, Hkr. ii. 64; þá mun hringt af (better at) Burakirkju, of bells rung at the church, Fms. xi. 160; gengr þar af Meðalfellsströnd, projects from, juts out, of a promontory, Ld. 10.2. denoting direction alone; upp af víkinni stóð borg mikil, a burg inland from the inlet, Eg. 161; lokrekkja innar af seti, a shut bed inward from the benches in the hall, Ísl. ii. 262; kapella upp af konungs herbergjum, upwards from, Fms. x. 153; vindr stóð af landi, the wind stood off the land, Bárð. 166.β. metaph., stauda af e-u, vide VI. 4.γ. ellipt., hallaði af norðr, of the channel, north of a spot, Boll. 348; also, austr af, suðr af, vestr af, etc.3. denoting absence; þingheyendr skulu eigi vera um nótt af þingi ( away from the meeting), eðr lengr, þá eru þeir af þingi ( away from (be meeting) ef þeir eru or ( out of) þingmarki, Grág. i. 25; vera um nótt af várþingi, 115; meðan hann er af landi héðan, abroad, 150.β. metaph., gud hvíldi af öllum verkum sínum á sjaunda degi, rested from his labours, Ver. 3.4. denoting distance; þat er komit af þjóðleið, out of the high road, remote, Eg. 369; af þjóðbraut, Grág. ii. 264, i. 15; Otradalr (a farm) var mjök af vegi, far out of the way, Háv. 53.B. TEMP, past, from, out of, beyond:1. of a person’s age, in the sense of having past a period of life; af ómaga aldri, of age, able to support oneself, Grág. i. 243; af aeskualdri, stricken in years, having past the prime of life, Eg. 202; lítið af barnsaldri, still a child, Ld. 74; ek em nú af léttasia skeiði, no longer in the prime of life, Háv. 40.2. of a part or period of time, past; eigi síðar en nótt er af þingi, a night of the session past, Grág. i. 101; þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, seven weeks past of the summer, 182; tíu vikur af sumri, Íb. 10; var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past, Háv. 41; mikið af vetri, much of the winter was past, Fas. ii. 186; þriðjungr af nótt, a third of the night past, Fms. x. 160; stund af degi, etc.; tveir mánoðr af sumri, Gþl. 103.3. in adverbial phrases such as, af stundu, soon; af bragði, at once; af tómi, at leisure, at ease; af nýju, again; af skyndingu, speedily; af bráðungu, in a hurry, etc.C. In various other relations:I. denoting the passage or transition of an object, concrete or abstract, of, from.1. where a thing is received, derived from, conferred by a person or object; þiggja lið af e-m, to derive help from, Edda 26; taka traust af e-m, to receive support, comfort from, Fms. xi. 243; taka mála af e-m, to be in one’s pay, of a soldier, Eg. 266; halda land af e-m, to hold land of any one, 282; verða viss af e-m, to get information from, 57, Nj. 130; taka við sök af manni (a law term), to undertake a case, suit, Grág. i. 142; hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy, ii. 374; vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of, Vd. 88 (old Ed., the new reads frá), Fs. 45; afla matar af eyjum, to derive supplies from, Eb. 12.2. where an object is taken by force:α. prop. out of a person’s hand; þú skalt hnykkja smíðit af honum, wrest it out of his hand, Nj. 32; cp. taka, þrífa, svipta e-u (e-t) af e-m, to wrest from.β. metaph. of a person’s deprival of anything in general; hann tók af þér konuna, carried thy wife off, Nj. 33; tók Gunnarr af þér sáðland þitt, robbed thee of seedland, 103; taka af honum tignina, to depose, degrade him, Eg. 271; vinna e-t af e-m, to carry off by force of arms, conquer, Fms. iii. 29; drepa menn af e-m, for one, slay one’s man, Eg. 417; fell þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s people fell there, 261.γ. in such phrases as, hyggja af e-u (v. afhuga), hugsa af e-u, to forget; hyggja af harmi; sjá af e-u, to lose, miss; var svá ástúðigt með þeim, at livargi þóttist mega af öðrum sjá, neither of them could take his eyes off the other, Sturl. i. 194; svá er mörg við ver sinn vær, at varla um sér hon af hoiuun nær, Skálda 163.3. denoting forfeiture; þá eru þeir útlagir, ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their priesthood, Grág. i. 24; telja hann af ráðunum fjár síns alls, to oust one, on account of idiocy or madness, 176; verða af kaupi, to be off the bargain, Edda 26; þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim, Nj. 15; ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to forfeit, a case of divorce, id.; ella er hann af rettarfari um hana, has forfeited the suit, Grág. i. 381.β. ellipt., af ferr eindagi ef, is forfeited, Grág. i. 140.II. denoting relation of a part to a whole, off, of, Lat. de; höggva hönd, höfuð, fót af e-um, to cut one’s hand, head, foot off, Nj. 97, 92, Bs. i. 674; höggva spjót af skapti, to sever the blade from the shaft, 264; hann lét þá ekki hafa af föðurarfi sínum, nothing of their patrimony, Eg. 25; vil ek at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, take what you like of the stores, Nj. 4; at þú eignist slíkt af fé okkru sem þú vili, 94.β. ellipt., en nú höfum vér kjörit, en þat er af krossinum, a slice of, Fms. vii. 89; Þórðr gaf Skólm frænda sínum af landnámi sínu, a part of, Landn. 211; hafði hann þat af hans eigu er hann vildi, Sturl. ii. 169; þar lá forkr einn ok brotið af endanum, the point broken off, Háv. 24, Sturl. i. 169.γ. absol. off; beit hann höndina af, þar sem nú heitir úlfliðr, bit the hand off, Edda 17; fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off, Nj. 97; jafnt er sem þér synist, af er fótrinn, the foot is off, id.; af bæði eyru, both ears off, Vm. 29.2. with the notion of—among; mestr skörungr af konum á Norðrlöndum, the greatest heroine in the North, Fms. i. 116; hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum í Austfjörðum, the most hopeful of youths in the Eastfirths, Njarð. 364; af ( among) öllurn hirðmönnuni virði konungr mest skáld sín, Eg. 27; ef hann vildi nokkura kaupa af þessum konum, Ld. 30; ör liggr þar útiá vegginum, ok er sú af þeirra örum, one of their own arrows, Nj. 115.β. from, among, belonging to; guð kaus hana af ollum konum sér til móður, of the Virgin Mary, Mar. A. i. 27.γ. metaph., kunna mikit (lítið) af e-u, to know much, little of, Bragi kann mest af skáldskap, is more cunning of poetry than any one else, Edda 17.δ. absol. out of, before, in preference to all others; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir eingi af taka, you would choose none of them, Nj. 77; ráða e-t af, to decide; þó mun faðir minn mestu af ráða, all depends upon him, Ld. 22; konungr kveðst því mundu heldr af trúa, preferred believing that of the two, Eg. 55; var honum ekki vildara af ván, he could expect nothing better, 364.3. with the additional sense of instrumentality, with; ferma skip af e-u, to freight a ship with, Eg. 364; hlaða mörg skip af korni, load many ships with corn, Fms. xi. 8; klyfja tvá hesta af mat, Nj. 74; var vágrinn skipaðr af herskipum, the bay was covered with war ships, 124; fylla ker af glóðum, fill it with embers, Stj. 319; fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring, Ver. 3.III. denoting the substance of which a thing is made, of; used indifferently with ór, though ór be more frequent; þeir gerðu af honum jörðina, af blóði hans sæinn ok vötnin, of the creation of the world from the corpse of the giant Ymir; the poem Gm. 40, 41, constantly uses ór in this sense, just as in modern Icelandic, Edda 5; svá skildu þeir, at allir hlutir væri smíðaðir af nokkru efni, 147 (pref.); húsit var gert af timbrstokkum, built of trunks of timber, Eg. 233; hjöhin vóru af gulli, of gold, golden, Fms. i. 17; af osti, of cheese, but in the verse 1. c. ór osti, Fms. vi. 253; línklæði af lérepti, linen, Sks. 287.2. metaph. in the phrases, göra e-t af e-n ( to dispose of), verða af ( become of), hvat hefir þú gört af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar? Njarð. 376; hvat af motrinuni er orðit, what has become of it? of a lost thing, Ld. 208; hverfr Óspakr á burt, svá eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him? Band. 5.IV. denoting parentage, descent, origin, domicile, abode:1. parentage, of, from, used indifferently with frá; ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, descend from them, but a little below—frá honum eru konmir Sturlungar, Eb. 338, cp. afkvæmi; af ætt Hörðakára, Fms. i. 287; kominn af Trojumönnum, xi. 416; af Ása-ætt (Kb. wrongly at), Edda I.β. metaph., vera af Guði (theol.), of God, = righteous, 686 B. 9; illr ávöxtr af íllri rót, Fms. ii. 48; Asia er kölluð af nafni nokkurar konu, derives her name from, Stj. 67; af honum er bragr kallaðr skáldskapr, called after his name, Edda 17.2. of domicile; af danskri tungu, of Danish or Scandinavian origin, speaking the Danish tongue, Grág. ii. 73; hvaðan af löndum, whence, native of what country? Ísl.β. especially denoting a man’s abode, and answering to á and í, the name of the farm (or country) being added to proper names, (as in Scotland,) to distinguish persons of the same name; Hallr af Síðu, Nj. 189; Erlingr af Straumey, 273; Ástríðr af Djúpárbakka, 39; Gunnarr af Hlíðarenda (more usual frá); þorir haklangr konungr af Ögðum, king of Agdir, Eg. 35, etc.; cp. ór and frá.V. denoting a person with whom an act, feeling, etc. originates, for the most part with a periphrastic passive:1. by, the Old Engl. of; as, ek em sendr hingað af Starkaði ok sonum hans, sent hither by, Nj. 94; inna e-t af hendi, to perform, 257; þó at alþýða væri skírð af kennimönnum, baptized of, Fms. ii. 158; meira virðr af mönnum, higher esteemed, Ld. 158; ástsæll af landsmönnum, beloved, íb. 16; vinsæll af mönnum, Nj. 102; í allgóðu yfirlæti af þeim feðgum, hospitably treated by them, Eg. 170; var þá nokkut drukkið af alþjóð, there was somewhat hard drinking of the people, Sturl. iii. 229; mun þat ekki upp tekið af þeim sükudólgum mínum, they will not clutch at that, Nj. 257; ef svá væri í hendr þér búit af mér, if í had so made everything ready to thy hands, Ld. 130; þá varð fárætt um af föður hans, his father said little about it, Fms. ii. 154.2. it is now also sometimes used as a periphrase of a nom., e. g. ritað, þýtt af e-m, written, translated, edited by, but such phrases scarcely occur in old writers.VI. denoting cause, ground, reason:1. originating from, on account of, by reason of; af frændsemis sökum, for kinship’s sake, Grág. ii. 72; ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds, 27; af manna völdum, by violence, not by natural accident, of a crime, Nj. 76; af fortölum Halls, through his pleading, 255; af ástsæld hans ok af tölum þeirra Sæmundar, by his popularity and the eloquence of S., Íb. 16; af ráðum Haralds konungs, by his contriving, Landn. 157; úbygðr af frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold, Hkr. i. 5.β. adverbially, af því, therefore, Nj. 78; af hví, why? 686 B. 9; þá verðr bóndi heiðinn af barni sínu, viz. if he does not cause his child to be christened, K. Þ. K. 20.2. denoting instrumentality, by means of; af sinu fé, by one’s own means, Grág. i. 293; framfæra e-n af verkum sinum, by means of one’s own labour, K. Þ. K. 142; draga saman auð af sökum, ok vælum ok kaupum, make money by, 623. I; af sínum kostnaði, at hi s own expense, Hkr. i. 217.β. absol., hún fellir á mik dropa svá heita at ek brenn af öll, Ld. 328; hann fékk af hina mestu sæmd, derived great honotur from it, Nj. 88; elli sótti á hendr honum svá at hann lagðist í rekkju af, he grew bedridden from age, Ld. 54; komast undan af hlaupi, escape by running, Fms. viii. 58; spinna garn af rokki, spin off a wheel (now, spinna á rokk), from a notion of instrumentality, or because of the thread being spun out (?), Eb. 92.3. denoting proceeding, originating from; lýsti af höndum hennar, her hands spread beams of light, Edda 22; allir heimar lýstust ( were illuminated) af henni, id.; en er lýsti af degi, when the day broke forth, Fms. ii. 16; lítt var lýst af degi, the day was just beginning to break, Ld. 46; þá tók at myrkja af nótt, the ‘mirk-time’ of night began to set in, Eg. 230; tók þá brátt at myrkva af nótt, the night grew dark, Hkr. ii. 230.4. metaph., standa, leiða, hljótast af, to be caused by, result from; opt hlýtst íllt af kvenna hjali, great mischief is wrought by women’s gossip (a proverb), Gísl. 15, 98; at af þeim mundi mikit mein ok úhapp standa, be caused by, Edda 18; kenna kulda af ráðum e-s, to feel sore from, Eb. 42; þó mun her hljótast af margs manns bani, Nj, 90.5. in adverbial phrases, denoting state of mind; af mikilli æði, in fury, Nj. 116; af móð, in great emotion, Fms. xi. 221; af áhyggju, with concern, i. 186; af létta, frankly, iii. 91; af viti, collectedly, Grág. ii. 27; af heilu, sincerely, Eg. 46; áf fári, in rage; af æðru, timidly, Nj. (in a verse); af setning, composedly, in tune, Fms. iii. 187; af mikilli frægð, gallantly, Fas. i. 261; af öllu afli, with all might, Grág. ii. 41; af riki, violently, Fbr. (in a verse); af trúnaði, confidently, Grág. i. 400.VII. denoting regard to, of, concerning, in respect of, as regards:1. with verbs, denoting to tell of, be informed, inquire about, Lat. de; Dioscorides segir af grasi því, speaks of, 655 xxx. 5; er menn spurðu af landinu, inquired about it, Landn. 30; halda njósn af e-u, Nj. 104; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, Eg. 546, Band. 8.β. absol., hann mun spyrja, hvárt þér sé nokkut af kunnigt hversu for með okkr, whether you know anything about, how, Nj. 33; halda skóla af, to hold a school in a science, 656 A. i. 19 (sounds like a Latinism); en ek gerða þik sera mestan mann af öllu, in respect of all, that you should get all the honour of it, Nj. 78.2. with adjectives such as mildr, illr, góðrafe-u, denoting disposition or character in respect to; alira manna mildastr af fo, very liberal, often-banded, Fms. vii. 197; mildr af gulli, i. 33; góðr af griðum, merciful, Al. 33; íllr af mat en mildr af gulli, Fms. i. 53; fastr af drykk, close, stingy in regard to, Sturl. ii. 125; gat þess Hildigunnr at þú mundir góðr af hestinum, that you would be good about the horse, Nj. 90, cp. auðigr at, v. at, which corresponds to the above phrases; cp. also the phrase af sér above, p. 4, col. I, ll. 50 sqq.VIII. periphrasis of a genitive (rare); provincialis af öllum Predikaraklaustrum, Fms. x. 76; vera af hinum mesta fjandskap, to breathe deep hatred to, be on bad terms with, ix. 220; af hendi, af hálfu e-s, on one’s behalf, v. those words.IX. in adverbial phrases; as, af launungu, secretly; af hljóði, silently; v. those words.β. also used absolutely with a verb, almost adverbially, nearly in the signification off, away; hann bað þá róa af fjörðinn, pass the firth swiftly by rowing, row the firth off, Fms. ix. 502; var pá af farit þat seni skerjóttast var, was past, sailed past, Ld. 142; ok er þeir höfðu af fjórðung, past one fourth of the way, Dropl. 10: skína af, to clear up, of the skv, Eb. 152; hence in common language, skína af sér, when the sun breaks forth: sofa af nóttina, to sleep it away, Fms. ii. 98; leið af nóttin, the night past away, Nj. 53; dvelja af stundir, to kill the time, Band. 8; drepa af, to kill; láta af, to slaughter, kill off;γ. in exclamations; af tjöldin, off with the awnings, Bs. i. 420, Fins, ix. 49.δ. in the phrases, þar af, thence; hér af, hence, Fms. ii. 102; af fram, straight on, Nj. 144; now, á fram, on, advance.X. it often refers to a whole sentence or to an adverb, not only like other prepp. to hér, hvar, þar, but also redundantly to hvaðan, héðan, þaðan, whence, hence, thence.2. the preposition may sometimes be repeated, once elliptically or adverbially, and once properly, e. g. en er af var borit at borðinu, the cloth was taken off from the table, Nj. 176; Guð þerrir af (off, away) hvert tár af ( from) augum heilagra manna, God wipes off every tear from the eyes of his saints, 655 xx. vii. 17; skal þó fyrst bætr af lúka af fé vegaiula, pay off, from, Gþl. 160, the last af may be omitted—var þá af borið borðinu—and the prep. thus be separated from its case, or it may refer to some of the indecl. relatives er or sem, the prep. hvar, hér, þar being placed behind them without a case, and referring to the preceding relative, e. g. oss er þar mikit af sagt auð þeim, we have been told much about these riches, Band. 24; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, in short, shortly. Eg. 546; þaðan af veit ek, thence í infer, know, Fms. i. 97.XI. it is moreover connected with a great many verbs besides those mentioned above, e. g. bera af, to excel, whence afbragð, afbrigði; draga af, to detract, deduct, hence afdráttr; veita ekki af, to be hard with; ganga at, to be left, hence afgangr; standast af um e-t, to stand, how matters stand; sem af tekr, at a furious rate; vita af, to be conscious, know about (vide VII).D. As a prefix to compounds distinction is to be made between:I. af privativum, denoting diminution, want, deduction, loss, separation, negation of, etc., answering indifferently to Lat. ab-, de-, ex-, dis-, and rarely to re- and se-, v. the following COMPDS, such as segja, dicere, but afsegja, negare; rækja, colere, but afrækja, negligere; aflaga, contra legem; skapligr, normalis, afskapligr, deformis; afvik, recessus; afhús, afhellir, afdalr, etc.II. af intensivum, etymologically different, and akin to of, afr-, e. g. afdrykkja = ofdrykkja, inebrietas; afbrýði, jealously; afbendi, tenesmus; afglapi, vir fatuus, etc. etc. Both the privative and the intensive af may be contracted into á, esp. before a labial f, m, v, e. g. á fram = af fram; ábrýði = afbrýði; ávöxtr = afvöxtr; áburðr = afburðr; ávíta = afvíta (?). In some cases dubious. With extenuated and changed vowel; auvirðiligr or övirðiligr, depreciated, = afv- etc., v. those words. -
11 system
система; комплекс; средство; способ; метод; сеть (напр. дорог) ;aiming-navigation system (analog, digital) — прицельно-навигационная система (аналоговая, цифровая)
air observation, acquisition and fire control system — (бортовая) система воздушной разведки, засечки целей и управления огнем
air support aircraft ECM (equipment) system — (бортовая) система РЭП для самолетов авиационной поддержки
airborne (ground) target acquisition and illumination laser system — ав. бортовая лазерная система обнаружения и подсветки (наземных) целей
airborne (ground) targeting and laser designator system — ав. бортовая лазерная система обнаружения и целеуказания (наземных целей)
airborne laser illumination, ranging and tracking system — ав. бортовая система лазерной подсветки, определения дальности и сопровождения цели
artillery (nuclear) delivery system — артиллерийская система доставки (ядерного) боеприпаса (к цели)
C2 system — система оперативного управления; система руководства и управления
C3 system — система руководства, управления и связи; система оперативного управления и связи
channel and message switching (automatic) communications system — АСС с коммутацией каналов и сообщений
country-fair type rotation system (of instruction) — метод одновременного обучения [опроса] нескольких учебных групп (переходящих от одного объекта изучения к другому)
dual-capable (conventional/nuclear) weapon delivery system — система доставки (обычного или ядерного) боеприпаса к цели
electromagnetic emitters identification, location and suppression system — система обнаружения, опознавания и подавления источников электромагнитных излучений [излучающих РЭС]
field antimissile (missile) system — полевой [войсковой] ПРК
fire-on-the-move (air defense) gun system — подвижный зенитный артиллерийский комплекс для стрельбы в движении [на ходу]
fluidic (missile) control system — ркт. гидравлическая [струйная] система управления полетом
forward (area) air defense system — система ПВО передового района; ЗРК для войсковой ПВО передового района
graduated (availability) operational readiness system — Бр. система поэтапной боевой готовности (частей и соединений)
high-resolution satellite IR detection, tracking and targeting system — спутниковая система с ИК аппаратурой высокой разрешающей способности для обнаружения, сопровождения целей и наведения средств поражения
ICBM (alarm and) early warning satellite system — спутниковая система обнаружения пусков МБР и раннего предупреждения (средств ПРО)
information storage, tracking and retrieval system — система накопления, хранения и поиска информации
instantaneous grenade launcher (armored vehicle) smoke system — гранатомет (БМ) для быстрой постановки дымовой завесы
Precision Location [Locator] (and) Strike system — высокоточная система обеспечения обнаружения и поражения целей; высокоточный разведывательно-ударный комплекс
rapid deceleration (parachute) delivery system — парашютная система выброски грузов с быстрым торможением
real time, high-resolution reconnaissance satellite system — спутниковая разведывательная система с высокой разрешающей способностью аппаратуры и передачей информации в реальном масштабе времени
received signal-oriented (output) jamming signal power-adjusting ECM system — система РЭП с автоматическим регулированием уровня помех в зависимости от мощности принимаемого сигнала
sea-based nuclear (weapon) delivery system — система морского базирования доставки ядерного боеприпаса к цели
small surface-to-air ship self-defense (missile) system — ЗРК ближнего действия для самообороны корабля
Status Control, Alerting and Reporting system — система оповещения, контроля и уточнения состояния [боевой готовности] сил и средств
surface missile (weapon) system — наземный [корабельный] РК
target acquisition, rapid designation and precise aiming system — комплекс аппаратуры обнаружения цели, быстрого целеуказания и точного прицеливания
— ABM defense system— antimissile missile system— central weapon system— countersurprise military system— laser surveying system— tank weapon system— vertical launching system— weapons system -
12 company
bulk petrol (transport) company — Бр. рота подвоза наливного (бестарного) горючего
Commando (oil gas extraction area) company — рота охраны и защиты (нефтегазовых промыслов), рота «команчо»
field company, RE — Бр. саперная рота
field survey company, RE — Бр. полевая топографическая рота инженерных войск
HQ company, US Army — штабная рота штаба СВ США
long-range (reconnaissance) patrol company — рота дальней [глубинной] разведки
special boat company, Royal Marines — Бр. особая [отдельная] рота десантных катеров МП
— AG's company— airborne infantry company— air-mission company light— commandos company— Rangers company— smoke generator company -
13 AFS
1) Биология: apparent free space2) Авиация: air fuel separator4) Американизм: American Field Service5) Военный термин: Active Federal Service, Air Fire Support, Air Force Station, Air Force school, Air Force section, Air Force specialty, Air Force stock, Air Force supplied, Air Forces station, Armored Fighting Suit, Army Fire Service, Army food supply, Combat Stores Ship, active fuzing system, aerial fire support, arming and fuzing system, automatic firing sequencer, automatic frequency stabilization, azimuth follow-up system6) Техника: Air Force standard, advanced figure sensor, auxiliary feed water system, After Sales Service7) Шутливое выражение: Ars Flying Squad, Awesome File System8) Химия: Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry9) Бухгалтерия: Advanced Farming System10) Автомобильный термин: air flow sensor (Mitsubishi), Adaptive Front-Lighting System, система поворотных (передних) фар11) Металлургия: Американское общество литейщиков (American Foundry Society)12) Оптика: atomic fluorescence spectroscopy13) Сокращение: (type abbreviation) Combat stores ship (helicopter; H), Advanced Flats Sorter (renamed AFSM for deployment between 2000 and 2002), Aeronautical Fixed Service, Air Force Staff, Air Force Station (USA), Air Force Supply, American Fisheries Society, Arming and Fusing System, Army Fire Service (British Army), Automatic Flight System, Automatic Frequency Selection, Aviation Fluids Service Inc. (USA), Combat Stores Ship (USA), aforesaid14) Университет: Alumni, Families, and Schools, American Field Study15) Физика: Abstract Force Simulator16) Вычислительная техника: Andrew File System, Andrews File Systems, Andrew File System (IBM, Unix)17) Связь: Application Feature Server, advanced freephone service18) Банковское дело: Available for sale19) Воздухоплавание: Aeronautics Fixed Service20) Фирменный знак: American Fields Service, Apparel Footware Solution, Auto Find Sources21) Экология: Admiralty Forecast Section22) Океанография: American Fisheries School, Asian Fisheries Society, Australian Fisheries Service23) Макаров: automated factory subsystem24) Безопасность: American Filing System25) Расширение файла: Andrew File System (protocols)26) Общественная организация: American Foundry Society, Angel Flight Samaritans27) NYSE. Associates First Capital Corporation28) Программное обеспечение: Acer File System, Archive File System, Atari File System29) Международная торговля: American Field Studies -
14 AFs
1) Биология: apparent free space2) Авиация: air fuel separator4) Американизм: American Field Service5) Военный термин: Active Federal Service, Air Fire Support, Air Force Station, Air Force school, Air Force section, Air Force specialty, Air Force stock, Air Force supplied, Air Forces station, Armored Fighting Suit, Army Fire Service, Army food supply, Combat Stores Ship, active fuzing system, aerial fire support, arming and fuzing system, automatic firing sequencer, automatic frequency stabilization, azimuth follow-up system6) Техника: Air Force standard, advanced figure sensor, auxiliary feed water system, After Sales Service7) Шутливое выражение: Ars Flying Squad, Awesome File System8) Химия: Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry9) Бухгалтерия: Advanced Farming System10) Автомобильный термин: air flow sensor (Mitsubishi), Adaptive Front-Lighting System, система поворотных (передних) фар11) Металлургия: Американское общество литейщиков (American Foundry Society)12) Оптика: atomic fluorescence spectroscopy13) Сокращение: (type abbreviation) Combat stores ship (helicopter; H), Advanced Flats Sorter (renamed AFSM for deployment between 2000 and 2002), Aeronautical Fixed Service, Air Force Staff, Air Force Station (USA), Air Force Supply, American Fisheries Society, Arming and Fusing System, Army Fire Service (British Army), Automatic Flight System, Automatic Frequency Selection, Aviation Fluids Service Inc. (USA), Combat Stores Ship (USA), aforesaid14) Университет: Alumni, Families, and Schools, American Field Study15) Физика: Abstract Force Simulator16) Вычислительная техника: Andrew File System, Andrews File Systems, Andrew File System (IBM, Unix)17) Связь: Application Feature Server, advanced freephone service18) Банковское дело: Available for sale19) Воздухоплавание: Aeronautics Fixed Service20) Фирменный знак: American Fields Service, Apparel Footware Solution, Auto Find Sources21) Экология: Admiralty Forecast Section22) Океанография: American Fisheries School, Asian Fisheries Society, Australian Fisheries Service23) Макаров: automated factory subsystem24) Безопасность: American Filing System25) Расширение файла: Andrew File System (protocols)26) Общественная организация: American Foundry Society, Angel Flight Samaritans27) NYSE. Associates First Capital Corporation28) Программное обеспечение: Acer File System, Archive File System, Atari File System29) Международная торговля: American Field Studies -
15 SMS
1) Общая лексика: эсэмэска (для разговорного слова корректно только такое написание - http://www.gramota.ru/spravka/buro/29_325312), СМС (корректно именно такое написание), посылать СМСку2) Компьютерная техника: Sega Master System, Storage Management Subsystem, Subscription, Maintenance and Support, System Managed Storage, satellite multiservice system3) Медицина: spinal motion segment4) Военный термин: Short Of Mental Stamina, Sleep Management System, Stand-Alone Analysis Subsystems, Supply Management Software, satellite and missile surveillance, scatterable mine system, senior master sergeant, sensor monitoring set, ship's missile system, signal messenger service, signal missile support, spares management system, stores management system, strategic missile squadron, strategic missile system, support missile system, surface missile ship, surface missile system, systems maintenance sector, systems maintenance service5) Техника: Shuttle mission simulator, semiconductor-metal-semiconductor, ship motion simulator, soil-moisture suction, special monitoring system, standard modular system, structured multimicroprocessor system6) Шутливое выражение: Slow Moving Software7) Метеорология: Space Meterological Satellite9) Биржевой термин: Stock Market Simulation10) Грубое выражение: Sex Messaging System, Sexual Male Seeker, Shit Must Stop11) Телекоммуникации: Short Messaging Service, Standard Management System (SS7)12) Сокращение: SIGINT Manpack System, Security Management System, Service Management System, Ship Management System, Shorts Missile Systems Ltd, Signal Measurement System, Signature Management System, Space Mission Simulator, Supply & Movements Squadron (UK Royal Air Force), Suspended Manoeuvring System, silicomanganese steel, Short Message System, somatostatin, Subscription and Maintenance Service13) Электроника: SECS Message Service14) Вычислительная техника: Storage Management Services, Storage Management System, Systems Management Server, short message/pager service, система управления запоминающими устройствами, Short Message Service (GSM, Mobile-Systems), System Management Server (MS), Storage Management Services (Novell, Netware), short message service, сервер системного управления, система управления дисковой памятью, служба управления запоминающими устройствами15) Космонавтика: Satellite Multiservices System, space materials science16) Транспорт: Simulation Modeling System17) Воздухоплавание: Synchronous Meteorological Satellites18) Экология: synchronous meteorological satellite19) Деловая лексика: Senior Management Service20) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: short messages21) Образование: School Management System22) Таможенная деятельность: State Migration Services23) Сетевые технологии: Send Me Symbols24) Полимеры: Spun-Melt-Spun (нетканый материал, созданный смешиванием материалов Spunbond и Meltdown)25) Программирование: Shred Mylar Surface26) Робототехника: Semi-autonomous Manipulation System27) Телефония: Функция( услуга) передачи коротких сообщений до 160 символов (Short Message Service)28) Сахалин Р: Safety Management System29) Сахалин А: shore metering station30) Химическое оружие: Site maintenance shop31) Авиационная медицина: space motion sickness32) Макаров: single molecule spectroscopy, спектроскопия одиночных молекул33) Расширение файла: Small Messaging System, Storage Management Subsystem/System, Systems Management Server (Microsoft), Storage Management Services (NetWare), Short Message Service (Sprint)34) Ядерное оружие: Special Monitoring Service35) Сотовая связь: служба коротких сообщений, SMS-сообщение, СМС-сообщение, текстовое сообщение36) Чат: Show Me Sister37) NYSE. Shared Medical Systems Corporation38) Аэропорты: Ste. Marie, Madagascar39) Программное обеспечение: Smart Messaging Service40) СМС: Short Message Services, Short Messages Service -
16 sms
1) Общая лексика: эсэмэска (для разговорного слова корректно только такое написание - http://www.gramota.ru/spravka/buro/29_325312), СМС (корректно именно такое написание), посылать СМСку2) Компьютерная техника: Sega Master System, Storage Management Subsystem, Subscription, Maintenance and Support, System Managed Storage, satellite multiservice system3) Медицина: spinal motion segment4) Военный термин: Short Of Mental Stamina, Sleep Management System, Stand-Alone Analysis Subsystems, Supply Management Software, satellite and missile surveillance, scatterable mine system, senior master sergeant, sensor monitoring set, ship's missile system, signal messenger service, signal missile support, spares management system, stores management system, strategic missile squadron, strategic missile system, support missile system, surface missile ship, surface missile system, systems maintenance sector, systems maintenance service5) Техника: Shuttle mission simulator, semiconductor-metal-semiconductor, ship motion simulator, soil-moisture suction, special monitoring system, standard modular system, structured multimicroprocessor system6) Шутливое выражение: Slow Moving Software7) Метеорология: Space Meterological Satellite9) Биржевой термин: Stock Market Simulation10) Грубое выражение: Sex Messaging System, Sexual Male Seeker, Shit Must Stop11) Телекоммуникации: Short Messaging Service, Standard Management System (SS7)12) Сокращение: SIGINT Manpack System, Security Management System, Service Management System, Ship Management System, Shorts Missile Systems Ltd, Signal Measurement System, Signature Management System, Space Mission Simulator, Supply & Movements Squadron (UK Royal Air Force), Suspended Manoeuvring System, silicomanganese steel, Short Message System, somatostatin, Subscription and Maintenance Service13) Электроника: SECS Message Service14) Вычислительная техника: Storage Management Services, Storage Management System, Systems Management Server, short message/pager service, система управления запоминающими устройствами, Short Message Service (GSM, Mobile-Systems), System Management Server (MS), Storage Management Services (Novell, Netware), short message service, сервер системного управления, система управления дисковой памятью, служба управления запоминающими устройствами15) Космонавтика: Satellite Multiservices System, space materials science16) Транспорт: Simulation Modeling System17) Воздухоплавание: Synchronous Meteorological Satellites18) Экология: synchronous meteorological satellite19) Деловая лексика: Senior Management Service20) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: short messages21) Образование: School Management System22) Таможенная деятельность: State Migration Services23) Сетевые технологии: Send Me Symbols24) Полимеры: Spun-Melt-Spun (нетканый материал, созданный смешиванием материалов Spunbond и Meltdown)25) Программирование: Shred Mylar Surface26) Робототехника: Semi-autonomous Manipulation System27) Телефония: Функция( услуга) передачи коротких сообщений до 160 символов (Short Message Service)28) Сахалин Р: Safety Management System29) Сахалин А: shore metering station30) Химическое оружие: Site maintenance shop31) Авиационная медицина: space motion sickness32) Макаров: single molecule spectroscopy, спектроскопия одиночных молекул33) Расширение файла: Small Messaging System, Storage Management Subsystem/System, Systems Management Server (Microsoft), Storage Management Services (NetWare), Short Message Service (Sprint)34) Ядерное оружие: Special Monitoring Service35) Сотовая связь: служба коротких сообщений, SMS-сообщение, СМС-сообщение, текстовое сообщение36) Чат: Show Me Sister37) NYSE. Shared Medical Systems Corporation38) Аэропорты: Ste. Marie, Madagascar39) Программное обеспечение: Smart Messaging Service40) СМС: Short Message Services, Short Messages Service -
17 FYRIR
* * *prep.I. with dat.1) before, in front of (ok vóru fyrir honum borin merkin);fyrir dyrum, before the door;2) before one, in one’s presence;hón nefndist fyrir þeim Gunnhildr, she told them that her name was G.;3) for;hann lét ryðja fyrir þeim búðina, he had the booth cleared for them, for their reception;4) before one, in one’s way;fjörðr varð fyrir þeim, they came to a fjord;sitja fyrir e-m, to lie in wait for one;5) naut. term. before, off;liggja fyrir bryggjum, to lie off the piers;fyrir Humru-mynni, off the Humber;6) before, at the head of, over;vera fyrir liði, to be over the troops;vera fyrir máli, to lead the case;sitja fyrir svörum, to undertake the defence;7) of time, ago;fyrir þrem nóttum, three nights ago;fyrir stundu, a while ago;fyrir löngu, long ago;vera fyrir e-u, to forebode (of a dream);8) before, above, superior to;Hálfdan svarti var fyrir þeim brœðrum, H. was the foremost of the brothers;9) denoting disadvantige, harm, suffering;þú lætr Egil vefja öll mál fyrir þér, thou lettest E. thwart all thy affairs;tók at eyðast fyrir herm lausa-fé, her money began to fail;10) denoting obstacle, hindrance;mikit gøri þer mér fyrir þessu máli, you make this case hard for me;varð honum lítit fyrir því, it was a small matter for him;Ásgrími þótti þungt fyrir, A. thought that things looked bad;11) because of, for;hon undi sér hvergri fyrir verkjum, she had no rest for pains;fyrir hræðslu, for fear;illa fœrt fyrir ísum, scarcely, passable for ice;gáðu þeir eigi fyrir veiðum at fá heyjanna, because of fishing, they neglected to make hay;fyrir því at, because, since, as;12) against;gæt þín vel fyrir konungi ok hans mönnum, guard thee well against the king and his men;beiða griða Baldri fyrir alls konar háska, against all kinds of harm;13) fyrir sér, of oneself;mikill fyrir sér, strong, powerful;minnstr fyrir sér, smallest, weakest;14) denoting manner or quality, with;hvítr fyrir hærum, while with hoary hair;II. with acc.1) before, in front of;halda fyrir augu sér, to hold (one’s hands) before one’s eyes;2) before, into the presence of;stefna e-m fyrir dómstól, before a court;3) over;hlaupa fyrir björg, to leap over a precipice;kasta fyrir borð, to throw overboard;4) in one’s way, crossing one’s way;ríða á leið fyrir þá, to ride in their way, so as to meet them;5) round, off;sigla fyrir nes, to weather a point;6) along, all along;fyrir endilangan Noreg, all along Norway, from one end to the other;draga ör fyrir odd, to draw the arrow past the point;7) of time, fyrir dag, before day;fyrir e-s minni, before one’s memory;8) for, on behalf of;vil ek bjóða at fara fyrir þik, I will offer to go for thee, in thy stead;lögvörn fyrir mál, a lawful defence for a case;9) for, for the benefit of;þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, they cut the lyme-grass for them (the horses);10) for, instead of, in place of, as;11) for, because of (vilja Gunnar dauðan fyrir höggit);fyrir þín orð, for thy words (intercession);fyrir sína vinsæld, by reason of his popularity;12) denoting value, price;fyrir þrjár merkr, for three marks;fyrir hvern mun, by all means, at any cost;13) in spite of, against (giptast fyrir ráð e-s);14) joined with adverbs ending in -an, governing acc. (fyrir austan, vestan, sunnan, norðan, útan innan, framan, handan, ofan, neðan);fyrir austan, sunnan fjall, east, south of the fell;fyrir neðan brú, below the bridge;fyrir handan á, beyond the river;fyrir innan garð, inside the fence;III. as adverb or ellipt.1) ahead, before, opp. to eptir;þá var eigi hins verra eptir ván, er slíkt fór fyrir, when this came first, preceded;2) first;mun ek þar eptir gera sem þér gerit fyrir, I shall do to you according as you do first;3) at hand, present, to the fore;föng þau, er fyrir vóru, stores that were at hand;þar var fyrir fjöldi boðsmanna, a host of guests was already present (before the bride and bridegroom came);4) e-m verðr e-t fyrir, one takes a certain step, acts so and so;Kolbeini varð ekki fyrir, K. was at a loss what to do;e-t mælist vel (illa) fyrir, a thing is well (ill) spoken or reported of (kvæðit mæltist vel fyrir).* * *prep., in the Editions spelt differently; in MSS. this word is usually abbreviated either (i. e. firir), or Ꝼ̆, fur͛, fvr͛ (i. e. fyrir); in some MSS. it is idiomatically spelt with i, fir͛, e. g. Arna-Magn. 382 (Bs. i. 263 sqq.); and even in the old Miracle-book Arna-Magn. 645 (Bs. i. 333 sqq.), just as ifir is written for yfir ( over); in a few MSS. it is written as a monosyllable fyr, e. g. D. I. i. 475, Mork. passim; in Kb. (Sæm.-Edda) occurs fyr telia, Vsp. I; fyr norðan, 36; fyr dyrum, Gm. 22; fyr vestan ver, Hkv. 2. 8; in other places as a dissyll. fyrir, e. g. Hm. 56, Gm. 54, Skm. 34, Ls. 15, Am. 64, Hkv. 2. 2, 19 (quoted from Bugge’s edition, see his preface, p. xvi); fyr and fyrir stand to one another in the same relation as ept to eptir, und to undir, of ( super) to yfir: this monosyllabic form is obsolete, save in the compds, where ‘for-’ is more common than ‘fyrir-;’ in some cases both forms are used, e. g. for-dæming and fyrir-dæming; in others only one, but without any fixed rule: again, the forms fyri, fyre, or fire, which are often used in Edd., are just as wrong, as if one were to say epti, undi, yfi; yet this spelling is found now and then in MSS., as, fyre, Ó. H. (facsimile); fire, Grág. Sb. ii. 288 (also facsimile): the particles í and á are sometimes added, í fur, Fms. iv. 137; í fyrir, passim; á fur, Haustl. 1. [Ulf. faur and faura; A. S. fore and for; Engl. for and fore-; Germ. für and vor; Dan. for; Swed. för; Gr. προ-; Lat. pro, prae.]WITH DAT., chiefly without the notion of movement.A. LOCAL:I. before, in front of; fyrir dyrum, before the doors, at the doors, Nj. 14, Vsp. 53, Hm. 69, Edda 130; niðr f. smiðju-dyrum, Eg. 142:—ahead, úti fyrir búðinni, Nj. 181; kómusk sauðirnir upp á fjallit f. þeim, ahead of them, 27; vóru fyrir honum borin merkin, the banner was borne before him, 274; göra orð fyrir sér, to send word before one, Fms. vii. 207, Hkr. iii. 335 (Ó. H. 201, l. c., frá sér):—also denoting direction, niðri í eldinum f. sér, beneath in the fire before them, Nj. 204; þeir sá f. sér bæ mikinn, they saw before them a great building, i. e. they came to a great house, Eg. 546; öðrum f. sér ( in front) en öðrum á bak sér, Grág. i. 5.2. before one, before one’s face, in one’s presence; úhelgaða ek Otkel f. búum, before the neighbours, Nj. 87; lýsi ek f. búum fimm, 218; lýsa e-u ( to proclaim) f. e-m, Ld. 8; hann hermdi boð öll f. Gizuri, Nj. 78; hón nefndisk f. þeim Gunnhildr, told them that her name was G., Fms. i. 8; kæra e-t f. e-m, Ó. H. 60; slíkar fortölur hafði hann f. þeim, Nj. 200; the saying, því læra börnin málið að það er f. þeim haft, bairns learn to speak because it is done before them, i. e. because they hear it; hafa gott (íllt) f. e-m, to give a good (bad) example, e. g. in the presence of children; lifa vel f. Guði, to live well before God, 623. 29; stór ábyrgðar-hluti f. Guði, Nj. 199; sem þeir sjá réttast f. Guði, Grág. i. (pref.); fyrir öllum þeim, Hom. 89; á laun f. öðrum mönnum, hidden from other men, unknown to them, Grág. i. 337, Jb. 378; nú skaltú vera vin minn mikill f. húsfreyju minni, i. e. when you talk to my wife, Nj. 265; fyrir Drottni, before the Lord, Merl. 2. 78.3. denoting reception of guests, visitors; hann lét ryðja f. þeim búðina, he had the room cleared for them, for their reception, Nj. 228; Valhöll ryðja fyr vegnu fólki, i. e. to clear Valhalla for slain folk, Em. I; ryðja vígvöll f. vegundum, Nj. 212; ljúka upp f. e-m, to open the door for one, Fms. xi. 323, Stj. 5; rýma pallinn f. þeim, Eg. 304; hann lét göra eld f. þeim, he had a fire made for them, 204; þeir görðu eld. f. sér, Fms. xi. 63; … veizlur þar sem fyrir honum var búit, banquets that were ready for him, Eg. 45.II. before one, in one’s way; þar er díki varð f. þeim, Eg. 530; á (fjörðr) varð f. þeim, a river, fjord, was before them, i. e. they came to it, 133, 161; at verða eigi f. liði yðru, 51; maðr sá varð f. Vindum, that man was overtaken by the V., Hkr. iii. 363; þeirra manna er f. honum urðu, Eg. 92.2. sitja f. e-m, to lie in wait for one, Ld. 218, Nj. 107; lá f. henni í skóginum, Edda (pref.); sitja f. rekum, to sit watching for wrecks, Eg. 136 (fyrir-sát).3. ellipt., menn urðu at gæta sín er f. urðu, Nj. 100; Egill var þar f. í runninum, E. was before (them), lay in ambush, Eg. 378; hafði sá bana er f. varð, who was before (the arrow), i. e. he was hit, Nj. 8.4. verða f. e-u, to be hit, taken, suffer from a thing; ef hann verðr f. drepi, if he be struck, Grág. ii. 19; verða f. áverka, to be wounded, suffer injury, Ld. 140; verða f. reiði konungs, to fall into disgrace with the king, Eg. 226; verða f. ósköpum, to become the victim of a spell, spell-bound, Fas. i. 130; sitja f. hvers manns ámæli, to be the object of all men’s blame, Nj. 71; vera eigi f. sönnu hafðr, to be unjustly charged with a thing, to be innocent.III. a naut. term, before, off; liggja f. bryggjum, to lie off the pier, Ld. 166; skip fljóta f. strengjum, Sks. 116; þeir lágu f. bænum, they lay off the town, Bs. i. 18; liggja úti f. Jótlands-síðu, off Jutland, Eg. 261; hann druknaði f. Jaðri, off the J., Fms. i. II; þeir kómu at honum f. Sjólandi, off Zealand, x. 394; hafa úti leiðangr f. landi, Hkr. i. 301; f. Humru-minni, off the Humber, Orkn. 338, cp. Km. 3, 8, 9, 13, 19, 21; fyrir Nesjum, off the Ness, Vellekla; fyrir Tungum, Sighvat; fyrir Spáni, off Spain, Orkn. 356.IV. before, at the head of, denoting leadership; smalamaðr f. búi föður síns, Ver. 26 (of king David); vera f. liði, to be over the troops, Eg. 292, Nj. 7; vera f. máli, to lead the case, Band. 8; vera forstjóri f. búi, to be steward over the household, Eg. 52; ráða f. landi, ríki, etc., to rule, govern, Ó H. 33, Nj. 5; hverr f. eldinum réði, who was the ringleader of the fire, Eg. 239; ráða f. e-u, to rule, manage a thing, passim: the phrase, sitja f. svörum, to respond on one’s behalf, Ölk. 36, Band. 12; hafa svör f. e-m, to be the chief spokesman, Fms. x. 101, Dipl. v. 26.V. special usages; friða f. e-m, to make peace for one, Fms. vii. 16, Bs. i. 65; bæta f. e-m, to make things good for one, Hom. 109; túlka, vera túlkr, flytja (etc.) f. e-m, to plead for one, Fms. iii. 33, Nj. 128,—also spilla f. e-m, to disparage one, Eg. 255; haga, ætla f. e-u, to manage, arrange for one, Ld. 208, Sturl. i. 14, Boll. 356; rífka ráð f. e-m, to better one’s condition, Nj. 21; ráða heiman-fylgju ok tilgjöf f. frændkonu sinni, Js. 58; standa f. manni, to stand before, shield a man, stand between him and his enemy, Eg. 357, Grág. ii. 13; vera skjöldr f. e-m, 655 xxxii. 4; hafa kostnað f. e-u, to have the expences for a thing, Ld. 14; vinna f. e-m, to support one by one’s work, Sks. 251; starfa f. fé sínu, to manage one’s money, Ld. 166; hyggja f. e-u, to take heed for a thing, Nj. 109; hyggja f. sér, Fs. 5; hafa forsjá f. e-m, to provide for one, Ld. 186; sjá f. e-u, to see after, Eg. 118, Landn, 152; sjá þú nokkut ráð f. mér, Nj. 20: ironic. to put at rest, Háv. 40: ellipt., sjá vel f., to provide well for, Nj. 102.B. TEMP. ago; fyrir þrem nóttum, three nights ago; fyrir stundu, a while ago, Nj. 80; fyrir litlu, a little while ago, Fms. i. 76, Ld. 134; fyrir skömmu, a sbort while ago; fyrir löngu, a long while ago, Nj. 260, Fms. i. 50; fyrir öndverðu, from the beginning, Grág. i. 80, ii. 323, 394, Finnb. 342; fyrir þeim, before they were born, Fms. i. 57.2. the phrase, vera f. e-u, to forebode; vera f. stórfundum, Nj. 107, 277; þat hygg ek vera munu f. siða-skipti, Fms. xi. 12; þessi draumr mun vera f. kvámu nökkurs manns, vii. 163; dreyma draum f. e-u, 8; fyrir tiðendum, ii. 65:—spá f. e-m, to ‘spae’ before, prophecy to one, Nj. 171.C. METAPH.:I. before, above; þóttu þeir þar f. öllum ungum mönnum, Dropl. 7; þykkisk hann mjök f. öðrum mönnum, Ld. 38; ver f. hirðmönnum, be first among my herdsmen, Eg. 65; Hálfdan svarti var f. þeim bræðrum, H. was the foremost of the brothers, Fms. i. 4; þorgrímr var f. sonum Önundar, Grett. 87; var Haraldr mest f. þeim at virðingu, Fms. i. 47.II. denoting help, assistance; haun skal rétta vættið f. þeim, Grág. i. 45 (vide above A. IV and V).2. the following seem to be Latinisms, láta lífit f. heilagri Kristni, to give up one’s life for holy Christianity, = Lat. pro, Fms. vii. 172; ganga undir píslir fyrir Guðs nafni, Blas. 38; gjalda önd mína f. önd þinni, Johann. 17; gefa gjöf f. sál sinni ( pro animâ suâ), H. E. i. 466; fyrir mér ok minni sál, Dipl. iv. 8; færa Guði fórnir f. e-m, 656 A; heita f. e-m, biðja f. e-m, to make a vow, pray for one (orare pro), Fms. iii. 48, Bs. i. 70; biðja f. mönnum, to intercede for, 19, Fms. xi. 287: even with a double construction, biðja f. stað sinn (acc., which is vernacular) ok heilagri kirkju (dat., which is a Latinism), x. 127.III. denoting disadvantage, harm, suffering; þú lætr Egil vefja öll mál fyrir þér, thou lettest Egil thwart all thy affairs, Eg. 249; únýtir hann þá málit fyrir sér, then he ruins his own case, Grág. i. 36, Dropl. 14, 16; Manverjar rufu safnaðinn f. Þorkatli, the Manxmen broke up the assembly, i. e. forsook Thorkel, Fms. ix. 422; kom upp grátr f. henni, she burst into tears, 477; taka fé f. öðrum, to take another’s money, N. G. L. i. 20; knörr þann er konungr lét taka fyrir Þórólfi, Landn. 56; ef hross verðr tekit f. honum, if a horse of his be taken, Grág. i. 436; hann tók upp fé fyrir öllum, he seized property for them all, Ó. H. 60; e-t ferr ílla f. e-m, a thing turns out ill for one; svá fór f. Ólófu, so it came to pass for O., Vígl. 18; loka dyrr f. e-m, to lock the door in one’s face, Edda 21: þeir hafa eigi þessa menn f. yðr drepit, heldr f. yðrar sakir þessi víg vegit, i. e. they have not harmed you, but rather done you a service in slaying those men, Fbr. 33; tók at eyðask f. henni lausa-fé, her money began to fail, Nj. 29; rak á f. þeim storma ok stríðviðri, they were overtaken by gales and bad weather, Vígl. 27; Víglundr rak út knöttinn f. Jökli, V. drove the ball for J., i. e. so that he had to run after it, 24; sá er skar tygil f. Þóri, he who cut Thor’s line, Bragi; sverð brast f. mér, my sword broke, Korm. 98 (in a verse); brjóta e-t f. e-m, to break a thing for one, Bs. i. 15 (in a verse); Valgarðr braut krossa fyrir Merði ok öll heilög tákn, Nj. 167; árin brotnaði f. honum, his oar broke; allar kýrnar drápust fyrir honum, all his cows died.2. denoting difficulty, hindrance; sitja f. sæmd e-s, to sit between oneself and one’s honour, i. e. to hinder one’s doing well, Sturl. 87; mikit göri þér mér f. þessu máli, you make this case sore for me, Eb. 124; þér er mikit f. máli, thy case stands ill, Fms. v. 325; ekki er Guði f. því, it is easy for God to do, 656 B. 9; varð honum lítið f. því, it was a small matter for him, he did it easily, Grett. III; mér er minna f. því, it is easier for me, Am. 60; þykkja mikit f. e-u, to be much grieved for a thing, do it unwillingly, Nj. 77; Icel. also say, þykja fyrir (ellipt.), to feel hurt, be displeased:—ellipt., er þeim lítið fyrir at villa járnburð þenna, it is a small matter for them to spoil this ordeal, Ó. H. 140; sem sér muni lítið f. at veiða Gunnar, Nj. 113; fast mun f. vera, it will be fast-fixed before (one), hard to move, Ld. 154; Ásgrími þótti þungt f., A. thought that things looked sad (heavy), Nj. 185; hann var lengi f., he was long about it, Fms. x. 205; hann var lengi f. ok kvað eigi nei við, he was cross and said not downright no, Þorf. Karl. 388.IV. in a causal sense, for, because of, Lat. per, pro; sofa ek né mákat fugls jarmi fyrir, I cannot sleep for the shrill cry of birds, Edda 16 (in a verse); hon undi sér hvergi f. verkjum, she had no rest for pains, Bjarn. 69; fyrir gráti, tárum, = Lat. prae lacrymis; fyrir harmi, for sorrow; f. hlátri, for laughter, as in Engl.; þeir æddust f. einni konu, they went mad for the sake of one woman, Sól. 11; ílla fært f. ísum, scarce passable for ice, Fms. xi. 360; hætt var at sitja útar f. Miðgarðs-ormi, Edda 35; hann var lítt gengr f. sárinu, he could hardly walk for the wound, Fbr. 178; fyrir hræðslu, for fear, Hbl. 26; heptisk vegrinn f. þeim meinvættum sem …, Fs. 4; gáðu þeir eigi f. veiðum at fá heyjanna, because of fishing they took no care to make hay, Landn. 30; fyrir riki konungs, for the king’s power, Eg. 67, 117; fyrir ofríki manna, Grág. i. 68; fyrir hví, for why? Eluc. 4; fyrir hví þeir væri þar, Eg. 375; fyrir því, at …, for that, because, Edda 35, Fms. i. 22, vii. 330, Ld. 104; en fyrir því nú at, now since, Skálda 171; nú fyrir því at, id., 169: the phrase, fyrir sökum, for the sake of, because of, passim; vide sök.V. by, by the force of; öxlin gékk ór liði fyrir högginu, the shoulder was disjointed by the force of the stroke, Háv. 52.2. denoting contest; falla f. e-m, to fall before one, i. e. fighting against one, Fms. i. 7, iv. 9, x. 196; verða halloki f. e-m, to be overcome in fighting one, Ld. 146; látask f. e-m, to perish by one, Eb. 34; hafa bana f. e-m, to be slain by one, Nj. 43; þeir kváðu fá fúnað hafa f. honum, 263; mæddisk hann f. þeim, he lost his breath in fighting them, Eg. 192; láta ríki f. e-m, to lose the kingdom before another, i. e. so that the latter gains it, 264; láta lausar eignir mínar f. þér, 505; láta hlut sinn f. e-m, Fs. 47; standask f. e-m, to stand one’s ground before one, Edda (pref.); hugðisk hann falla mundu f. sjóninni einni saman, that he would sink before his glance, 28, Hým. 12; halda hlut f. e-m, Ld. 54; halda frið ok frelsi f. várum óvinum, Fms. viii. 219; fara mun ek sem ek hefi áðr ætlað f. þínum draum ( thy dream notwithstanding), Ld. 216; þér farit hvárt er þér vilit f. mér, you go wherever you like for me, so far as I am concerted, Fær. 37; halda vöku f. sér, to keep oneself awake, Fms. i. 216.β. with verbs, flýja, hlaupa, renna, stökkva f. e-m, to fly, leap, run before one, i. e. to be pursued, Bs. i. 774, Grág. ii. 359; at hann rynni f. þrælum hans, Ld. 64; fyrir þessum úfriði stökk Þangbrandr til Noregs, 180; skyldi hann ganga ór á f. Hofsmönnum, Landn. 178; ganga f. e-u, to give way before, yield to a thing, Fms. i. 305, x. 292; vægja f. e-m, to yield to one, give way, Eg. 21, 187, Nj. 57, Ld. 234.VI. against; verja land f. e-m, Eg. 32; verja landit f. Dönum ok öðrum víkingum, Fms. i. 23; til landvarnar f. víkingum, Eg. 260; landvarnar-maðr f. Norðmönnum, Fms. vi. 295; gæta brúarinnar f. bergrisum, Edda 17; gæt þín vel f. konungi ok hans mönnum, guard thee well against the king and his men, Eg. 113; góð aðstoð f. tröllum ok dvergum, Bárð. 163; beiða Baldri griða f. allskonar háska, Edda 36; auðskæðr f. höggum, Eg. 770.VII. in the sense of being driven before; fyrir straumi, veðri, vindi, before the stream, wind, weather (forstreymis, forvindis), Grág. ii. 384, Fms. vii. 262; halda f. veðri, to stand before the wind, Róm. 211.2. rýrt mun verða f. honum smá-mennit, he will have an easy game with the small people, Nj. 94: ellipt., hafði sá bana er f. varð, 8; sprakk f., 16, 91.VIII. fyrir sér, of oneself, esp. of physical power; mikill f. sér, strong, powerful; lítill f. sér, weak, feeble, Nj. 20, Ísl. ii. 368, Eg. 192; þér munuð kalla mik lítinn mann f. mér, Edda 33; minnstr f. sér, smallest, weakest, Eg. 123; gildr maðr f. sér, Ísl. ii. 322, Fms. ii. 145; herðimaðr mikiil f. sér, a hardy man, Nj. 270; hvat ert þú f. þér, what kind of fellow art thou? Clem. 33; vera einn f. sér, to be a strange fellow, Grett. 79 new Ed.; Icel. also say, göra mikið (lítið) f. sér, to make oneself big ( little).β. sjóða e-t f. sér, to hesitate, saunter, Nj. 154; mæla f. munni, to talk between one’s teeth, to mutter, Orkn. 248, Nj. 249.IX. denoting manner or quality; hvítr f. hærum, white with hoary hairs, Fms. vi. 95, Fas. ii. 540; gráir fyrir járnum, grey with steel, of a host in armour, Mag. 5; hjölt hvít f. silfri, a hilt white with silver = richly silvered, Eb. 226.X. as adverb or ellipt.,1. ahead, in front, = á undan, Lat. prae, opp. to eptir; þá var eigi hins verra eptir ván, er slíkt fór fyrir, as this came first, preceded, Nj. 34; at einhverr mundi fara heim fyrir, that some one would go home first (to spy), Eg. 580; Egill fór f., E. went in before, id.; at vér ríðim þegar f. í nótt, 283.β. first; hann stefndi f. málinu, en hann mælti eptir, one pronounced the words first, but the other repeated after him, Nj. 35; mun ek þar eptir göra sem þér gerit f., I shall do to you according as you do first, 90:—temp., sjau nóttum f., seven nights before, Grág. ii. 217.2. to the fore, at hand, present; þar var fyrir fjöldi boðsmanna, a host of guests was already to the fore, i. e. before the bride and bridegroom came, Nj. 11; úvíst er at vita hvar úvinir sitja á fleti fyrir, Hm. 1; skal þá lögmaðr þar f. vera, he shall be there present, Js. 3; heima í túni fyrir, Fær. 50; þar vóru fyrir Hildiríðar-synir, Eg. 98; var honum allt kunnigt fyrir, he knew all about the localities, 583; þeim ómögum, sem f. eru, who are there already, i. e. in his charge, Grág. i. 286: of things, föng þau er f. vóru, stores that were to the fore, at hand, Eg. 134.3. fore, opp. to ‘back,’ of clothes; slæður settar f. allt gullknöppum, Eg. 516; bak ok fyrir, back and front, = bak ok brjóst, Mar.XI. in the phrase, e-m verðr e-t fyrir, a thing is before one, i. e. one takes that and that step, acts so and so in an emergency; nú verðr öðrum þeirra þat f., at hann kveðr, now if the other part alleges, that …, Grág. i. 362; Kolbeini varð ekki f., K. had no resource, i. e. lost his head, Sturl. iii. 285:—the phrase, e-t mælisk vel (ílla) fyrir, a thing is well ( ill) reported of; víg Gunnars spurðisk ok mæltisk ílla fyrir um allar sveitir, Nj. 117, Sturl. ii. 151; mun þat vel f. mælask, people will like it well, Nj. 29, Þórð. 55 new Ed.; ílla mun þat f. mælask at ganga á sættir við frændr sína, Ld. 238; ok er lokit var, mæltisk kvæðit vel f., the people praised the poem, Fms. vii. 113.XII. in special senses, either as prep. or adv. (vide A. V. above); segja leið f. skipi, to pilot a ship, Eg. 359; segja f. skipi, to say a prayer for a new ship or for any ship going to sea, Bs. i. 774, Fms. x. 480; mæla f. e-u, to dictate, Grág. ii. 266; mæla f. minni, to bring out a toast, vide minni; mæla f. sætt, i. 90; skipa, koma e-u f., to arrange, put right; ætla f. e-u, to make allowance for; trúa e-m f. e-u, to entrust one with; það fer mikið f. e-u (impers.), it is of great compass, bulky; hafa f. e-u, to have trouble with a thing; leita f. sér, to enquire; biðjask f., to say one’s prayers, vide biðja; mæla fyrir, segja f., etc., to order, Nj. 103, Js. 3: of a spell or solemn speaking, hann mælti svá f., at …, Landn. 34; spyrjask f., to enquire, Hkr. ii. 333; búask f., to prepare, make arrangement, Landn. 35, Sks. 551; skipask f., to draw up, Nj. 197; leggjask f., to lie down in despair, Bs. i. 194; spá fyrir, to ‘spae’ before, foretell; þeir menn er spá f. úorðna hluti, Fms. i. 96; segja f., to foretell, 76, Bb. 332; Njáll hefir ok sagt f. um æfi hans, Nj. 102; vita e-t f., to ‘wit’ beforehand, know the future, 98; sjá e-t f., to foresee, 162; ef þat er ætlat f., fore-ordained, id.WITH ACC., mostly with the notion of movement.A. LOCAL:I. before, in front of; fyrir dyrrin, Nj. 198; láta síga brýnn f. brár, Hkv. Hjörv. 19; halda f. augu sér, to hold (one’s hands) before one’s eyes, Nj. 132; leggja sverði fyrir brjóst e-m, to thrust a sword into his breast, 162, Fs. 39.2. before one, before a court; stefna e-m f. dómstól, Fms. xi. 444; ganga, koma f. e-n, to go, come before one, Fms. i. 15, Eg. 426, Nj. 6, 129, passim; fyrir augu e-s, before one’s eyes, Stj. 611.3. before, so as to shield; hann kom skildinum f. sik, he put the shield before him, Nj. 97, 115; halda skildi f. e-n, a duelling term, since the seconder had to hold one’s shield, Ísl. ii. 257.4. joined to adverbs such as fram, aptr, út, inn, ofan, niðr, austr, vestr, suðr, norðr, all denoting direction; fram f., forward; aptr f., backward, etc.; hann reiddi öxina fram f. sik, a stroke forward with the axe, Fms. vii. 91; hann hljóp eigi skemra aptr en fram fyrir sik, Nj. 29; þótti honum hann skjóta brandinum austr til fjallanna f. sik, 195; komask út f. dyrr, to go outside the door, Eg. 206:—draga ofan f. brekku, to drag over the hill, Ld. 220; hrinda f. mel ofan, to thrust one over the gravel bank, Eg. 748; hlaupa f. björg, to leap over a precipice, Eb. 62, Landn. 36; elta e-n f. björg, Grág. ii. 34; hlaupa (kasta) f. borð, to leap ( throw) overboard, Fms. i. 178, Hkr. iii. 391, Ld. 226; síga ( to be hauled) niðr f. borgar-vegg, 656 C. 13, Fms. ix. 3; hlaupa niðr f. stafn, Eg. 142; niðr f. skaflinn, Dropl. 25; fyrir brekku, Orkn. 450, Glúm. 395 (in a verse).II. in one’s way, crossing one’s way; þeir stefndu f. þá, Fms. ix. 475; ríða á leið f. þá, to ride in their way, so as to meet them, Boll. 348; hlaupa ofan f. þá, Nj. 153; vóru allt komin f. hann bréf, letters were come before him, in his way, Fms. vii. 207; þeir felldu brota f. hann, viz. they felled trees before him, so as to stop him, viii. 60, ix. 357; leggja bann f. skip, to lay an embargo on a ship, Ld. 166.III. round, off a point; fyrir nesit, Nj. 44; út f. Holm, out past the Holm, Fms. vii. 356: esp. as a naut. term, off a point on the shore, sigla f. England, Norðyrnbraland, Þrasnes, Spán, to sail by the coast of, stand off England, Northumberland, … Spain, Orkn. 338, 340, 342, 354; fyrir Yrjar, Fms. vii. (in a verse); fyrir Siggju, Aumar, Lista, Edda 91 (in a verse); er hann kom f. Elfina, when be came off the Gotha, Eg. 80; leggja land f. skut, to lay the land clear of the stern, i. e. to pass it, Edda l. c.; göra frið f. land sitt, to pacify the land from one end to another, Ld. 28; fyrir uppsprettu árinnar, to come to ( round) the sources of the river, Fms. iii. 183; fyrir garðs-enda, Grág. ii. 263; girða f. nes, to make a wall across the ness, block it up, cp. Lat. praesepire, praemunire, etc., Grág. ii. 263; so also binda f. op, poka, Lat. praeligare, praestringere; hlaða f. gat, holu, to stop a hole, opening; greri f. stúfinn, the stump (of the arm or leg) was healed, closed, Nj. 275; skjóta slagbrandi f. dyrr, to shoot a bolt before the door, to bar it, Dropl. 29; láta loku (lás) f. hurð, to lock a door, Gísl. 28; setja innsigli f. bréf, to set a seal to a letter, Dipl. i. 3: ellipt., setr hón þar lás fyrir, Ld. 42, Bs. i. 512.2. along, all along; f. endilanga Danmörk, f. endilangan Noreg, all along Denmark, Norway, from one end to the other, Fms. iv. 319, xi. 91, Grett. 97:—öx álnar f. munn, an axe with an ell-long edge, Ld. 276; draga ör f. ödd, to draw the arrow past the point, an archer’s term, Fms. ii. 321.IV. with verbs, fyrir ván komit, one is come past hope, all hope is gone, Sturl. i. 44, Hrafn. 13, Fms. ii. 131; taka f. munn e-m, to stop one’s mouth; taka f. háls, kverkar, e-m, to seize one by the throat, etc.; taka mál f. munn e-m, ‘verba alicujus praeripere,’ to take the word out of one’s mouth, xi. 12; taka f. hendr e-m, to seize one’s hands, stop one in doing a thing, Eb. 124; mod., taka fram f. hendrnar á e-m.B. TEMP.: fyrir dag, before day, Eg. 80; f. miðjan dag, Ld. 14; f. sól, before sunrise, 268; f. sólar-lag, before sunset; f. miðjan aptan, Nj. 192; f. náttmál, 197; f. óttu, Sighvat; f. þinglausnir, Ölk. 37; f. Jól, Nj. 269; f. fardaga, Grág. ii. 341; viku f. sumar, 244; f. mitt sumar, Nj. 138; litlu f. vetr, Eg. 159; f. vetrnætr, Grág. ii. 217; f. e-s minni, before one’s memory, Íb. 16.C. METAPH.:I. above, before; hann hafdi mest fyrir aðra konunga hraustleikinn, Fms. x. 372.II. for, on behalf of; vil ek bjóða at fara f. þik, I will go for thee, in thy stead, Nj. 77; ganga í skuld f. e-n, Grág. i. 283; Egill drakk … ok svá f. Ölvi, Eg. 210; kaupa e-t f. e-n, Nj. 157; gjalda gjöld f. e-n, Grág. i. 173; verja, sækja, sakir f. e-n, Eg. 504; hvárr f. sik, each for oneself, Dipl. v. 26; sættisk á öll mál f. Björn, Nj. 266; tók sættir f. Björn, Eg. 168; svara f. e-t, Fms. xi. 444; hafa til varnir f. sik, láta lýrit, lög-vörn koma f.; færa vörn f. sik, etc.; verja, sækja sakir f. sik, and many similar law phrases, Grág. passim; biðja konu f. e-n, to woo a lady for another, Fms. x. 44; fyrir mik, on my behalf, for my part, Gs. 16; lögvörn f. mál, a lawful defence for a case, Nj. 111; hafa til varnar f. sök, to defend a case, Grág. i. 61; halda skiladómi f. e-t, Dipl. iv. 8; festa lög f. e-t, vide festa.III. in a distributive sense; penning f. mann, a penny per man, K. Þ. K. 88; fyrir nef hvert, per nose = per head, Lv. 89, Fms. i. 153, Ó. H. 141; hve f. marga menn, for how many men, Grág. i. 296; fyrir hverja stiku, for each yard, 497.IV. for, for the benefit of; brjóta brauð f. hungraða, Hom. 75; þeir skáru f. þá melinn, they cut the straw for them (the horses), Nj. 265; leggja kostnað f. e-n, to defray one’s costs, Grág. i. 341.V. for, instead of; hann setti sik f. Guð, Edda (pref.); hafa e-n f. Guð (Lat. pro Deo), Stj. 73, Barl. 131; geta, fá, kveðja mann f. sik, to get a man as one’s delegate or substitute, Grág. i. 48 passim; þeir höfðu vargstakka f. brynjur, Fs. 17; manna-höfuð vóru f. kljána, Nj. 275; gagl f. gás ok grís f. gamalt svín, Ó. H. 86; rif stór f. hlunna, Háv. 48; buðkr er f. húslker er hafðr, Vm. 171; auga f. auga, tönn f. tönn, Exod. xxi. 24; skell f. skillinga, Þkv. 32.VI. because of, for; vilja Gunnar dauðan fyrir höggit, Nj. 92, Fms. v. 162; eigi f. sakleysi, not without ground, i. 302; fyrir hvat (why, for what) stefndi Gunnarr þeim til úhelgi? Nj. 101; ok urðu f. þat sekir, Landn. 323; hafa ámæli f. e-t, Nj. 65, passim.2. in a good sense, for one’s sake, for one; fyrir þín orð, for thy words, intercession, Ísl. ii. 217; vil ek göra f. þín orð, Ld. 158, Nj. 88; fyrir sína vinsæld, by his popularity, Fms. i. 259: the phrase, fyrir e-s sök, for one’s sake, vide sök: in swearing, a Latinism, fyrir trú mína, by my faith! (so in Old Engl. ‘fore God), Karl. 241; fyrir þitt líf, Stj. 514; ek særi þik f. alla krapta Krists ok manndóm þinn, Nj. 176. VII. for, at, denoting value, price; fyrir þrjár merkr, for three marks, Eg. 714; er sik leysti út f. þrjú hundruð marka, Fms. ix. 421; ganga f. hundrað, to pass or go for a hundred, D. I. i. 316:—also of the thing bought, þú skalt reiða f. hana þrjár merkr, thou shall pay for her three marks, Ld. 30; fyrir þik skulu koma mannhefndir, Nj. 57; bætr f. víg, Ísl. ii. 274; bætr f. mann, Eg. 259, passim; fyrir áverka Þorgeirs kom legorðs-sökin, Nj. 101:—so in the phrase, fyrir hvern mun, by all means, at any cost; fyrir öngan mun, by no means, Fms. i. 9, 157, Gþl. 531:—hafði hverr þeirra mann f. sik, eða tvá …, each slew a man or more for himself, i. e. they sold their lives dearly, Ó. H. 217.2. ellipt., í staðinn f., instead of, Grág. i. 61; hér vil ek bjóða f. góð boð, Nj. 77; taka umbun f., Fms. vii. 161; svara slíku f. sem …, Boll. 350; þér skulut öngu f. týna nema lífinu, you shall lose nothing less than your head, Nj. 7.VIII. by means of, by, through; fyrir þat sama orð, Stj.; fyrir sína náttúru, Fms. v. 162; fyrir messu-serkinn, iii. 168; fyrir þinn krapt ok frelsis-hönd, Pass. 19. 12; svikin f. orminn, by the serpent, Al. 63,—this use of fyrir seems to be a Latinism, but is very freq. in eccl. writings, esp. after the Reformation, N. T., Pass., Vídal.; fyrir munn Davíðs, through the mouth of David, etc.:—in good old historical writings such instances are few; þeir hlutuðu f. kast ( by dice), Sturl. ii. 159.IX. in spite of, against; fyrir vilja sinn, N. G. L. i. 151; fyrir vitorð eðr vilja e-s, against one’s will or knowledge, Grág. ii. 348; kvángask (giptask) f. ráð e-s, i. 177, 178, Þiðr. 190; nú fara menn f. bann ( in spite of an embargo) landa á milli, Gþl. 517; hann gaf henni líf f. framkvæmd farar, i. e. although she had not fulfilled her journey ( her vow), Fms. v. 223; fyrir várt lof, vi. 220; fyrir allt þat, in spite of all that, Grett. 80 new Ed.; fyrir ráð fram, heedlessly; fyrir lög fram, vide fram.X. denoting capacity, in the same sense as ‘at,’ C. II, p. 27, col. 1; scarcely found in old writers (who use ‘at’), but freq. in mod. usage, thus, eigi e-n f. vin, to have one for a friend, in old writers ‘at vin;’ hafa e-n f. fífl, fól, to make sport of one.2. in old writers some phrases come near to this, e. g. vita f. vist, to know for certain, Dipl. i. 3; vita f. full sannindi, id., ii. 16; hafa f. satt, to take for sooth, believe, Nj. 135; koma f. eitt, to come ( turn) all to one, Lv. 11, Nj. 91, Fms. i. 208; koma f. ekki, to come to naught, be of no avail, Ísl. ii. 215; fyrir hitt mun ganga, it will turn the other way, Nj. 93; fyrir hann er einskis örvænt orðs né verks, from him everything may be expected, Ísl. ii. 326; hafa e-s víti f. varnað, to have another’s faults for warning, Sól. 19.XI. joined with adverbs ending in -an, fyrir austan, vestan, sunnan, norðan, útan, innan, framan, handan, ofan, neðan, either with a following acc. denoting. direction, thus, fyrir austan, sunnan … fjall, east, south of the fell, i. e. on the eastern, southern side; fyrir neðan brú, below the bridge; fyrir útan fjall = Lat. ultra; fyrir innan fjall = Lat. infra; fyrir handan á, beyond the river; fyrir innan garð, inside the yard; fyrir ofan garð, above, beyond the yard, etc.; vide these adverbs:—used adverb., fyrir sunnan, in the south; fyrir vestan, in the west; fyrir norðan, in the north; fyrir austan, in the east,—current phrases in Icel. to mark the quarters of the country, cp. the ditty in Esp. Árb. year 1530; but not freq. in old writers, who simply say, norðr, suðr …, cp. Kristni S. ch. 1: absol. and adverb., fyrir ofan, uppermost; fyrir handan, on the other side:—fyrir útan e-t, except, save, Anal. 98, Vkv. 8; fyrir fram, vide fram.☞ For- and fyrir- as prefixes, vide pp. 163–167 and below:I. fore-, for-, meaning before, above, in the widest sense, local, temp., and metaph. furthering or the like, for-dyri, for-nes, for-ellri, for-beini, etc.β. before, down, for-brekkis, -bergis, -streymis, -vindis, -viðris, etc.2. in an intens. sense = before others, very, but not freq.; for-dyld, -góðr, -hagr, -hraustr, -kostuligr, -kuðr, -lítill, -ljótr, -prís, -ríkr, -snjallr.II. (cp. fyrir, acc., C. IX), in a neg. or priv. sense; a few words occur even in the earliest poems, laws, and writers, e. g. for-að, -átta, -dæða, -nám, -næmi, -sending, -sköp, -verk, -veðja, -viða, -vitni, -ynja, -yrtir; those words at least seem to be original and vernacular: at a later time more words of the same kind crept in:1. as early as writers of the 13th and 14th centuries, e. g. for-boð, -bænir, -djarfa, -dæma (fyrir-dæma), -taka (fyrir-taka), -þóttr; fyrir-bjóða, -fara, -göra, -koma, -kunna, -líta, -muna, -mæla, -vega, -verða.2. introduced in some words at the time of the Reformation through Luther’s Bible and German hymns, and still later in many more through Danish, e. g. for-brjóta, -drífa, -láta, -líkast, -merkja, -nema, -sorga, -sóma, -standa, -svara, -þénusta, and several others; many of these, however, are not truly naturalised, being chiefly used in eccl. writings:—it is curious that if the pronoun be placed after the verb (which is the vernacular use in Icel.) the sense is in many cases reversed; thus, fyrir-koma, to destroy, but koma e-u fyrir can only mean to arrange; so also fyrir-mæla, to curse, and mæla fyrir, to speak for; for-bænir, but biðja fyrir e-m, etc.; in the latter case the sense is good and positive, in the former bad and negative; this seems to prove clearly that these compds are due to foreign influence. -
18 STS
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Sequence Tagged Site2) Медицина: Натрия тетрадецилсульфат (Sodium tetradecyl sulfate)3) Спорт: Stepover Toehold Sleeper (Захват в рестлинге)4) Военный термин: Self Test Software, Sensor-to-Shooter, Siege Tank Slashes, Special Tactics Squadron, Special Training Standard, Subcommittee on Telecommunications Security of the NSTISSC, ship-to-shore, sonar test system, spacecraft tracking station, special task stores, special test system, special training standards, specialty training standards, specialty training system, standard technical specifications, static test stand, stockpile-to-target sequence, strategic training squadron, supersonic target system, surface-to-surface, system test set, system trouble shooting, system trouble survey5) Психиатрия: Suicidality Tracking Scale6) Техника: Standard Test Single, Straight Tip Star, satellite tracking station, satellite tracking system, satellite transmission surveillance, satellite transponder saturation, sonar test simulator, spacecraft telecommunications system, spacecraft tracking system, stabilized telescope system, surface target simulator7) Религия: Search The Scriptures, Study The Scriptures8) Юридический термин: Simple Terminal Statement, Sober Till Saturday, упрощённая система налогообложения (сокр. от "simplified tax system"; англ. термин взят из публикации Australian Taxation Office, Australian Government)9) Автомобильный термин: service throttle system (lamp)10) Оптика: stimulated thermal scattering11) Телекоммуникации: Small Telephone System, Synchronous Transfer Signal, Synchronous Transport Signal (SONET)12) Сокращение: Satellite Transmission Systems Inc. (USA), Seeker Trade Study, Stockpile to Target Sequence (nuclear weapons), Subcommittee on Telecommunications Security (of NTISSC), Supervisory Training System (at W. F. Bolger Management Academy and others), Support & Test Station, System Technical Support, satellite-to-satellite, special treatment steel, Space Transportation System (NASA; space shuttle)13) Университет: Student Technology Services, Student To Student, Students Training Students14) Физика: scanning tunneling spectroscopy15) Физиология: Slow The Spread, Steam Treated Stem, Sympathetic Therapy System16) Электроника: Standard Test Signal17) Вычислительная техника: Synchronous Transport Signal, Synchronous Time Stamps (SDH), Space Transportation System (space shuttle, NASA)18) Нефть: standard threshold shift, обследование нарушений работоспособности системы (system trouble survey)19) Генетика: ДНК-маркирующий сайт (уникальная для данного локуса олигонуклеотидная последовательность, которая может быть использована для его идентификации методом полимеразной цепной реакции), sequence tagged site20) Иммунология: serologic test for syphilis21) Космонавтика: Space Transportation Systems22) Транспорт: Seville Touring Sedan, Shuttle Train Services, Sport Touring Sedan, Super Transportation System23) Пищевая промышленность: Sulfonylurea Tolerant Soybeans24) Фирменный знак: Sales Technical Services, Severn Trent Services, Successor To Sonics25) Деловая лексика: Service Technicians Society26) Образование: Students Teaching Students27) Сетевые технологии: Station To Station, Synchronous Transport Services, разрешение на передачу28) Полимеры: short-time stability, пара-толуолсульфонат натрия29) Автоматика: single tube system, standard tooling system30) Океанография: Science, Technology, and Society31) Химическое оружие: Significant Threshold Shift, Stockpile Tracking System32) Безопасность: Sound Telecommunication Security33) Расширение файла: Microsoft C/C++ Project STatus information, Song format (Scream Tracker), Music format (Scream Tracker Song, ST 2.0-2.3)34) Нефть и газ: (Ship to Ship) перекачивание с судна на судно35) Космический летательный аппарат: ТКС, космическая транспортная система, транспортная космическая система36) Фантастика Star Trek Soldiers37) Чат: Site To See38) Аэропорты: Charles M. Schulz Airport (Sonoma County Airport), Santa Rosa, California USA39) НАСА: Space Transportation System, Star Tracker Sensor40) СМС: Stay The Same41) AMEX. Supreme Industries, Inc. -
19 sts
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Sequence Tagged Site2) Медицина: Натрия тетрадецилсульфат (Sodium tetradecyl sulfate)3) Спорт: Stepover Toehold Sleeper (Захват в рестлинге)4) Военный термин: Self Test Software, Sensor-to-Shooter, Siege Tank Slashes, Special Tactics Squadron, Special Training Standard, Subcommittee on Telecommunications Security of the NSTISSC, ship-to-shore, sonar test system, spacecraft tracking station, special task stores, special test system, special training standards, specialty training standards, specialty training system, standard technical specifications, static test stand, stockpile-to-target sequence, strategic training squadron, supersonic target system, surface-to-surface, system test set, system trouble shooting, system trouble survey5) Психиатрия: Suicidality Tracking Scale6) Техника: Standard Test Single, Straight Tip Star, satellite tracking station, satellite tracking system, satellite transmission surveillance, satellite transponder saturation, sonar test simulator, spacecraft telecommunications system, spacecraft tracking system, stabilized telescope system, surface target simulator7) Религия: Search The Scriptures, Study The Scriptures8) Юридический термин: Simple Terminal Statement, Sober Till Saturday, упрощённая система налогообложения (сокр. от "simplified tax system"; англ. термин взят из публикации Australian Taxation Office, Australian Government)9) Автомобильный термин: service throttle system (lamp)10) Оптика: stimulated thermal scattering11) Телекоммуникации: Small Telephone System, Synchronous Transfer Signal, Synchronous Transport Signal (SONET)12) Сокращение: Satellite Transmission Systems Inc. (USA), Seeker Trade Study, Stockpile to Target Sequence (nuclear weapons), Subcommittee on Telecommunications Security (of NTISSC), Supervisory Training System (at W. F. Bolger Management Academy and others), Support & Test Station, System Technical Support, satellite-to-satellite, special treatment steel, Space Transportation System (NASA; space shuttle)13) Университет: Student Technology Services, Student To Student, Students Training Students14) Физика: scanning tunneling spectroscopy15) Физиология: Slow The Spread, Steam Treated Stem, Sympathetic Therapy System16) Электроника: Standard Test Signal17) Вычислительная техника: Synchronous Transport Signal, Synchronous Time Stamps (SDH), Space Transportation System (space shuttle, NASA)18) Нефть: standard threshold shift, обследование нарушений работоспособности системы (system trouble survey)19) Генетика: ДНК-маркирующий сайт (уникальная для данного локуса олигонуклеотидная последовательность, которая может быть использована для его идентификации методом полимеразной цепной реакции), sequence tagged site20) Иммунология: serologic test for syphilis21) Космонавтика: Space Transportation Systems22) Транспорт: Seville Touring Sedan, Shuttle Train Services, Sport Touring Sedan, Super Transportation System23) Пищевая промышленность: Sulfonylurea Tolerant Soybeans24) Фирменный знак: Sales Technical Services, Severn Trent Services, Successor To Sonics25) Деловая лексика: Service Technicians Society26) Образование: Students Teaching Students27) Сетевые технологии: Station To Station, Synchronous Transport Services, разрешение на передачу28) Полимеры: short-time stability, пара-толуолсульфонат натрия29) Автоматика: single tube system, standard tooling system30) Океанография: Science, Technology, and Society31) Химическое оружие: Significant Threshold Shift, Stockpile Tracking System32) Безопасность: Sound Telecommunication Security33) Расширение файла: Microsoft C/C++ Project STatus information, Song format (Scream Tracker), Music format (Scream Tracker Song, ST 2.0-2.3)34) Нефть и газ: (Ship to Ship) перекачивание с судна на судно35) Космический летательный аппарат: ТКС, космическая транспортная система, транспортная космическая система36) Фантастика Star Trek Soldiers37) Чат: Site To See38) Аэропорты: Charles M. Schulz Airport (Sonoma County Airport), Santa Rosa, California USA39) НАСА: Space Transportation System, Star Tracker Sensor40) СМС: Stay The Same41) AMEX. Supreme Industries, Inc. -
20 SSA
1) Компьютерная техника: Single Static Assignment2) Медицина: somatostatin analogue (аналог соматостатина)3) Американизм: Secondary Switching Area, Secret Service Agent, Standard Spending Assessment4) Спорт: Sonic Stadium Awards5) Военный термин: Diesel-Powered Auxiliary Submarine, SIGINT Support Activity, Secretary of State for Air, Selective Service Act, Signal Security Agency, Soviet (FSU) Strategic Aviation, Special Support Activity, Staff Support Activity, Standard Small Arms, Supply and Services Agency, System Specification for ATCCS, System Supportability Assessment, security supporting assistance, service support annex, ship's stores ashore, signal supply agency, source selection activity, staff supply assistant, supply support activity, supply support agreements6) Техника: safety system actuation, serial shift arrangement, shuttle simulation aircraft, small search area, steady state availability, symbol synchronizer assembly7) Сельское хозяйство: Sulphosalicylic Acid8) Юридический термин: Street Skaters Association9) Экономика: ССО, соглашения о специальном обслуживании10) Бухгалтерия: Special Savings Account11) Страхование: Администрация социального обеспечения (Social Security Administration)12) Ветеринария: Side Saddle Association13) Грубое выражение: Same Sex Attraction, Scaly Skinned Aliens, Super Smart Ass14) География: sub-Saharan Africa (африканский континент к югу от Сахары, Африка южнее Сахары), Африка Южнее Сахары, Африка к югу от Сахары, Тропическая Африка, Черная Африка15) Телекоммуникации: Station Select Address (BISYNC)16) Сокращение: (type abbreviation) Submarine with ASW capability (Japan), Seismological Society of America, Shan State Army (Burma), Social Security Act, Social Security Administration, Software Support Activity, Solid-State Amplifier, Special Spaced Armour, Nilo- Saharan (Other)17) Университет: System Science Applications18) Хирургия: сульфосалициловая кислота (sulfosalicylic acid)19) Вычислительная техника: Serial Storage Architecture (IBM), Social Security Administration (US Government)20) Нефть: substructure area, стационарный коэффициент эксплуатационной готовности (обеспечение эксплуатационной безопасности системы, steady state availability), обеспечение эксплуатационной безопасности системы (system safety assurance), Speedway SuperAmerica LLC21) Пищевая промышленность: significant scientific agreement22) Воздухоплавание: Soaring Society of America23) Фирменный знак: Sandhills Suri Alpacas, L. L. C., Service Sector Assistant, Singapore Soka Association24) Образование: School Superintendent Assessment25) Сетевые технологии: Site System Administration, Static Single Assignment26) Контроль качества: system safety assurance27) Химическое оружие: source selection authority, stack sampling apparatus28) Расширение файла: Serial Storage Architecture29) Электротехника: steady-state availability30) Общественная организация: Society of St. Andrew31) Должность: Supervisory Special Agent32) Аэропорты: Salvador, Buenos Aires, Brazil33) НАСА: Solar Survival Architecture34) Федеральное бюро расследований: Selective Service Number
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